Atomic weight = ∑ (atomic mass x relative abundance) It's possible to mathematically calculate fractional abundances for elements with two isotopes based on the atomic masses of the isotopes, but you need lab techniques for elements with more than two. ...
with a mirror set up 5 miles (8 km) away to reflect it back to its source. Varying the speed of the wheel allowed Fizeau to calculate how long it took for the light to travel out of the hole, to the adjacent
How to calculate the refractive index of a liquid Does Huygen's principle apply to water waves? Why do light waves bend when entering a different medium? Explain how to read a refractometer refractive index. Explain how to measure refractive index using a refractometer. What causes wave diffraction?
Another method is to tap the stone against a piece of authentic jade. Fake jade will sound like two plastic beads tapping together. If you have the necessary instruments, you can also calculate the density. However, this cannot be done at the store....
The above equations help to calculate changes in the relative output diameter as a function of viewing angle for lenses made of silicone, polycarbonate and acrylic, or for a reflecting surface in air. Figure 5:a) Calculation of the relative illuminance (re...
them, and use the remaining products with relatively close color differences as calibration samples for product A. Measure the color values of the calibration sample in sequence using a color difference meter and calculate the average value (the instrument can automatically cal...
(such as the location of the paraxial exit pupil to calculate the reference sphere radius necessary for OPD calculations). As a general NSC group cannot be broken down into a paraxial equivalent, many of the paraxial-based calculations will be meaningless. Perhaps the most commonly used and ...
The method of using two points of reference to calculate the distance to an object by observing how it moves or appears to move against a background is referred to as parallax. An example showing parallax is to look at an object. If you look with just one ey...
Density and specific gravity relate the ratio of mass to volume. To calculate density, measure the mass of a material and the volume of the same amount of material, then divide the mass by the volume to find density. The volume of irregularly shaped objects can be measured using water displ...
How to calculate the refractive index of a liquid What is the relationship between refraction and the speed of light? What is relative refractive index? How to find speed of light with refractive index? During refraction, what happens to a wave when it travels from one medium to another? Exp...