In order to calculate this experimentally you have to monitor either the concentration of the reactant or product as a function of time. Once you have measurements at different times you can then plot these values and find the instantaneous rate of the reaction or the slope of the line. Pret...
as shown in the figure below.spf.rhodenotes the variable used to define the density of the fluid;(u,v,w)is the velocity field vector; and(nx,ny,nz)is the normal vector at the selected boundaries automatically computed by COMSOL Multiphysics. The rate of density ...
Calculate heat transfer rate, Q. Q is measured in units of energy per unit time, such as BTU/hr or Watts. For a wall of uniform thickness d, with a thermal conductivity of k, an area of A, a hot temperature, Thot, and cold temperature, Tcold, solve Q with the following equation:...
To calculate the time it takes for the nylon to drop from 350 F to 100 F, you would need to calculate the rate of heat transfer between the two materials, and then divide the amount of energy needed to cool the nylon by the rate of heat transfer. You can then ...
Find past energy bills or go online to view your current utility or energy supplier contract. See what you’re currently paying per energy unit. This number is expressed as kWh for electricity and therm for natural gas usage.Learn how to read and calculate your energy bills. ...
Because every organization's cloud environment is unique, there is no simple set of steps that all businesses can follow to calculate cloud TCO. Nevertheless, the process usually boils down to the following. 1. Set a timeframe The first step is to decide on a period of time during which ...
The heat capacity formula comes in various forms, but they all amount to the same basic equation: Q = mCΔT This equation simply states that the change in heat Q of a closed system (a liquid, gas or solid material) is equal to the mass m of the sample times the temperature change ...
How can I calculate entropy or entropy generation in CFD-Post for flow (incompressible) in pipe from fluid flow and heat transfer fields (i.e. solving momentum and energy equations)? I didn't find much in ANSYS documentation except a formula "s-s_ref=c_p*log*(T/T_ref)" for constant...
Interest Rate % Term ( Years ) Calculate With our calculator, you'll know exactly how much your home renovation loan payments will be. Here's how to use it: Enter the loan amount that you want to borrow. Enter interest rate that the lender will charge on the loan. Enter term (ye...
How do you calculate hydraulic conductivity of sand? The hydraulic conductivity K can be calculated through the analytical solution of equation (9):A = −C′Q2/4π2K2H02, where H0is the hydraulic head in the pumping well (equal to 1.96); C′ is the slope factor of the linear relation...