dRNAs contain 14- to 15-bp target sequences and MS2-binding loops and can activate gene expression without inducing DSBs even when using an active Cas9. Originally, it was used for orthogonal gene knockout and transcriptional activation in human cells (Dahlman et al., 2015). Since...
Break-induced replication (BIR) is a pathway that repairs one-ended double-strand breaks (DSBs). For decades, yeast model systems offered the only opportunities to study eukaryotic BIR. These studies described an unusual mode of BIR synthesis that is carried out by a migrating bubble and shows...
Stem cells are endowed with the awesome power of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation that allows them to be major contributors to tissue homeost
several activities have been ascribed to this viral protein, but one, its ability to mediate cell cycle arrest at the G2 to M transition has been the most extensively studied. Nonetheless, the genuine role of Vpr and its pathophysiological relevance in the viral life cycle have remained...
of homology to assemble recombinant RNA−DNA hybrids that direct accurate DNA recombination and repair, they suggest RAD52-mediated RNA−DNA repair might contribute to genome integrity such as in transcribed regions. Consistent with this idea, mammalian RAD52 is recruited to DSBs in a ...
Under a Creative Commons license open accessAbstract Recent advances in omics technologies and the broad availability of big datasets have revolutionized our understanding of Chinese hamster ovary cells in their role as the most prevalent host for production of complex biopharmaceuticals. In consequence, ...
Abstract Apoptosis has been established as a mechanism of anti-cancer defense. Members of the BCL-2 family are critical mediators of apoptotic cell death in health and disease, often found to be deregulated in cancer and believed to lead to the survival of malignant clones. However, over the ...
In addition to causing DNA damage, recent evidence suggests that hybrids influence the repair of damaged DNA. Hybrid formation is induced at the site of double-strand breaks (DSBs) (Ohle et al., 2016). Blocking the removal of the DSB-induced hybrid impairs repair by homologous recombination,...
22 BRCA1 signalling plays a critical role in prompting higher fidelity of DDR at the point of double-strand breaks (DSBs), mainly through the process of homologous recombination and also by activating other DNA repair pathways. It is referred to transcription-coupled repair,21., 23., 24., ...
Specifically at telomeres, there are models suggesting that G4s regulate telomerase access to the 3′ end, perform capping functions, and help telomeric proteins outcompete more abundant proteins for telomeric DNA [62,64]. The validity of these models is an area of active investigation, but for ...