True stories of indefatigable researchers, heroic engineers, and champions of, neuroscience who are finally turning the corner in the effort to understand, heal, and improve the human brain.
Astrocytes: named for their star-like shape, support the function of neurons in part by helping to maintain an appropriate environment outside of the neurons. They can also directly affect neurotransmitter activity at the synapses between neurons. Oligodendrocytes: provide structural support to the axo...
There are many other sensory processing tasks for which the brain uses multiple sources of input. For example, to interpret language, we use both the sound we hear and the movement of the speaker’s lips, if we can see them. When we touch an object, we estimate its size based on both...
(e, insert); f: dystrophic axons at the lesion edge show accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) as a sign of disturbed axonal transport; g, h: Profound protoplasmic astrocytic gliosis is seen in sections stained for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); some of the astrocytes ...
Finally, we examine how changes in curvature can influence transcriptional regulation through a reorganization of cytoskeletal forces acting on the nucleus, thereby facilitating the development of specific human diseases. Key points Cells interact with the curved surfaces of many organs and, at a lower...
Here are some of the types of tumors and a little about each of them: Astrocytomas These grow in star-shaped cells called astrocytes in thebrainand spinal cord. They belong to a group of tumors called gliomas. All gliomas grow from “glial cells,” which support and protect your nerve fib...
The team found significant changes in gene expression after light exposure in all cell types in the visual cortex–both neurons and, unexpectedly, nonneuronal cells such as astrocytes, macrophages and muscle cells that line blood vessels in the brain. ...
We observed that GFAP+ astrocytes in the MS WM do not express PD-L1; PD-L1+ GFAP+ astrocytes were rarely detected only in the grey matter (Supplementary Fig. 4 G-K). This study does not confirm the results of previous studies showing PD-L1 immunoreactivity predominantly on astrocytes in ...
Some studies suggest that the activity of APOE ε4 in astrocytes, a type of glial cell, plays a role in harming the brain. Targeting APOE ε4 Activity in Neurons In this study, a research team from the Gladstone Institutes investigated the gene’s activity in neurons, the cells that send...
astrocytesBoth the adrenal medulla and the adrenal cortex are a. endocrine glands. b. found in the same organ. c. involved in our response to stress. d. All of these are correct.The limbic system controls: a. emotion and mood b. complex an...