Intracellular pathogens achieve invasion by entering the host’s cells and reproducing. Some areobligate intracellular pathogens(meaning they can only reproduce inside of host cells) and others arefacultative i
How do communities deal with disease outbreaks? How do epidemics spread? How is the handling of food related to infectious disease? How do pathogens cause the symptoms of an infectious disease? How do pathogens cause infectious disease?
How do viruses reproduce? How are epidemics and pandemics alike? Do viroids infect animals that eat an infected plant? What is inoculation in plant pathology? How do viruses cause disease? How did viruses evolve? How do pathogens cause the symptoms of an infectious disease?
Deadly outbreaks have plagued societies for centuries. But they can lead to medical breakthroughs—if we learn the right lessons from them.
Antimicrobial resistance also occurs over time by new genetic mutation or by horizontal gene transfer. Genetic mutation occurs when bacterial DNA changes, or mutates, to help the bacteria and fungi survive antimicrobial treatment. When mutated pathogens reproduce and outlive the original bacteria, AMR ...
It has been suspected for some time that viral infections contribute to the genesis and development of neurodegenerative diseases. Laboratory studies by DZNE scientists now suggest a mechanism that, although related to viruses, does not require infection by external pathogens. According to this study,...
I prune any dead or infested foliage to promote new growth, always using sterilized tools to prevent the spread of any remaining mealybugs or other pathogens. Regularly cleaning the leaves, pots, and area around my plants helps deter mealybugs from settling in again. It’s all about esta...
This can be anything from predators to parasites to pathogens. One of the biggest advantages of natural methods is that they don’t involve the use of chemicals, reducing potential harm to humans or the environment. Most biological methods, however, are only feasible for small pest invasions ...
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See: “How Commensal Gut Bacteria Keep Pathogens in Check” Scientists have known for decades that bacteria use the T6SS to snuff out their non-kin neighbors, or strangers that are invading their territory. But no one imagined that it’s used to kill their siblings, saidBonnie Bassler, a ...