First page of articledoi:10.1113/jphysiol.1996.sp021277Journal of Physiology
Cardiac Muscle To maintain the circulation of blood, heart muscle is specialized for repetitive (~100,000 times per day), fatigue-free contractions driven at regular intervals by action potentials from specialized pace-making cells within the heart. Gap junctions allow these action potentials to spre...
Contractility is a critical factor in cardiac performance. Multiple forces influence the contractile state of the myocardium, assummarized schematically inFigure 3-12. Isolated muscle studies show that if preload and afterload are held constant, the rate at which tension develops can nevertheless be in...
This functional deficit can be caused by the death of cardiac muscle cells due to an insufficient blood supply to the heart itself, or to defects in the inner workings of the muscle cells or in the heart as a whole. When a fish or a newt loses a piece of its heart, it can generate...
Increased cardiac muscle fiber size and reduced cell number in Down syndrome: heart muscle cell number in Down syndrome. Pediatr Pathol. 1986;6(1):47-53. [PubMed: 2950384].Recalde AL,Landing BH,Lipsey AI. Increased cardiac muscle fiber size and reduced cell number in Down syndrome:heart ...
(Pcp4) is not only important in maintaining the heart's normal rhythmic behavior, but that when Pcp4 expression is reduced, it short-circuits electrical activity in a small but critical population of cells in the heart muscle, leading tocardiac arrhythmias," said Glenn I. Fishman, MD, ...
For this reason smooth muscles are sometimes called involuntary muscles. Like smooth muscle, cardiac muscle also works involuntarily. It is a very thick muscle that is found only in the walls of the heart. Its job is to pump blood out of the heart and into blood vessels calle...
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Cardiomyopathy is the medical term for conditions that affect the muscle of your heart (called the myocardium). Cardiomyopathy can make your heart stiff, enlarged, or thickened. This means it can't pump blood to the rest of your body very well. It gets worse over time and can lead to hea...
The heart relies heavily on oxidation of fatty acids for energy production. However, excess storage of fatty acids as triglycerides, within heart muscle cells, frequently observed in patients with obesity and diabetes, is often associated with cardiac dysfunction. The question remained: was this cause...