Heart failure (HF) refers to a complex condition resulting from the structural and/or functional inability of the heart to supply a normal cardiac output to meet metabolic needs. In HF, impaired ventricular filling or ejection of blood leads to fatigue , dyspnea , and fluid retention or edema...
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that is commonly used to this end, whose most common side effect is electrolyte imbalance, particularly hypokalemia. Potassium supplementation during treatment is recommended at a preventive measure. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical response to t...
The NYHA classification of HF is a subjective evaluation by a clinician to delineate the functional capacity and symptoms of individuals diagnosed with ACC/AHA stage C or D heart failure. Serving as an independent predictor of mortality, the NYHA Classification is employed in clinical settings to a...
Potassium-sparing diuretics, on the contrary, may increase potassium levels. An imbalance in the blood potassium level can cause irregular heartbeat, and must be monitored. Which diuretics are used in heart failure? Diuretics may be taken as pills for early stages of heart failure, but may be...
In addition, laboratory data such as sugar level, Complete Blood Count (CBC), serum creatinine (Cr), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), potassium (K), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), bilirubin, and liver enzymes were collected on admission day. These tests were done using conventional standard ...
are potassium-sparing diuretics that require careful monitoring of serum creatinine and potassium levels. Close monitoring, particularly during the initial phase of treatment, helps detect any changes or abnormalities that may indicate renal impairment or potassium imbalance. Prompt intervention or dosage ad...
Hypertension in Africa is associated with body weight, lower intake of potassium and salt sensitivity [56]. The peak age group is 40–49 years. Men are affected more than women. The patterns of presentation of hypertensive HF vary. Some present with acute left ventricular failure and severely ...
What Dietary and Lifestyle Changes Can Be Beneficial for Heart Failure? Quit smoking and limit alcohol intake Follow a heart-healthy diet, such as DASH or the Mediterranean diet Ensure you are getting enough micronutrients, like potassium, magnesium, and B vitamins Physical activity (someone with...
Mediators from peripheral tissues can influence the development and progression of heart failure (HF). For example, in obesity, an altered profile of adipokines secreted from adipose tissue increases the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). Less appr
Fig. 4: Carotid body P2X3-receptors mediate afferent hypersensitivity and chemoreflex hyperreflexia in heart failure (HF) rats. aIntegrated (∫) recordings of carotid sinus nerve (CSN) activity during activation of peripheral chemoreceptors (potassium cyanide - KCN; 0.05 ml, i.v., 0.05%)...