The human heart is part of the cardiovascular system. The main function of the heart is to supply oxygenated blood to the rest of the body for survival and to thrive. A human heart diagram is shown below, which shows how the heart accomplishes this function. The human heart labeledWhat...
In vivo, cardiac chambers co-develop seamlessly; however, we lack a multi-chamber model to study this crucial stage and the complex process of cardiac morphogenesis. As progenitors are specified and sorted already at day 3.5, we hypothesized that co-developing cardioids would also remain separate...
We classified the heart expression observed in the ZaCNE transgenic lines into 4 major categories (Fig.3dand Supplementary Fig.5a). Some heart enhancers broadly labeled all heart structures (Category I), while others showed specific or enhanced expression in the ventricle (category II), atrioventric...
the activity of the entire heart. The heart is actually two pumps in series, both of which consist of anatriumand a ventricle. Uncoordinated contractions would have the pumps operating against each other. Therefore, coordination of mechanical activity of the chambers is essential for efficient ...
(Supplementary Fig.2F). ThesemiR-128OEmutant mice displayed enlarged heart chambers, myocardial fibrosis, CM hypertrophy, and impaired LV systolic heart function at P28 (Supplementary Fig.2G–I). Moreover, KEGG pathway analysis showed that oxidative phosphorylation, metabolism, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy...
With further maturation of the ventricles, MLC-2a expression is downregulated and disappears by E13.5 in ventricular chambers and is only expressed in the atria. Thus, further maturation of the selected MLC-2v-positive cardiomyocytes should better direct them into the ventricular lineage. We thus ...
244 and 246 are connected to the microcontroller 220, which, in turn, is able to trigger or inhibit the atrial and ventricular pulse generators 222 and 224, respectively, in a demand fashion in response to the absence or presence of cardiac activity in the appropriate chambers of the heart....
A sensing circuit 47 comprising atrial sensing circuits and ventricular sensing circuits may also be coupled to the leads 8 through the switch 45 for detecting the presence of cardiac activity in each of the four chambers of the heart. Accordingly, the atrial sensing circuits and ventricular sensin...
Moreover, the structure of the heart, coupled with the sequential contraction of the chambers, produces complex flow patterns featuring vortical and reversing flows. Nevertheless, techniques developed for the zebrafish vasculature have been successfully adapted for use in the embryonic heart. As in the...
The heart is a conical-shaped muscular organ that, in mammals, birds, and reptiles is divided into four chambers separated by cardiac valves that ensure unidirectional flow of blood. The heart is interposed as a pump into the vascular system; the right side receives systemic venous blood and...