25-30Kyr in Iran or Southern Central Asia mutation: M20 current populations: India (Dravidian upper and middle castes), Pakistan, the Near East and Europe L may have been (with the exception of J2) the original Y haplogroup of the creators of the Indus Valley Civilization. M...
In any case, a later migration out of Egypt would be improbable since it would have brought haplogroups that came to Egypt during the Bronze Age, such as J1, J2, R1a or R1b-L23.The maternal lineages associated with the spread of R1b-V88 in Africa are mtDNA haplogroups J1b, U5 and...
R1b is the most common haplogroup in Western Europe, reaching over 80% of the population in Ireland, the Scottish Highlands, western Wales, the Atlantic fringe of France and the Basque country. It is also common in Anatolia and around the Caucasus, in parts of Russia and in Central and So...
Haplogroup G, together with J2 clades, has been associated with the spread of agriculture, especially in the European context. However, interpretations based on simple haplogroup frequency clines do not recognize underlying patterns of genetic diversification. Although progress has been recently made in...
Iran and the Near East. Q1b1 probably settled in the Levant at the same time as R1a-Z93, as both lineages are found among the Jews and the Lebanese and in places historically colonised by the Phoenicians.Autosomal analyseshave confirmed that all Levantine people (Jews, Lebanese, Palestinians,...
Finally, two mitogenomes – also from Iran and the Caucasus – did not cluster with any of hgs U7a–f and remained as unlabelled single lineages. In agreement with previous observations16, U7c appears to be restricted to South Asia (Fig. 1A and Supplementary Figure S1). In ...
HaplogroupG1is found predominantly in Iran, but is also found in the Levant, among Ashkenazi Jews, and in Central Asia (notably in Kazakhstan). G2a makes up 5 to 10% of the population of Mediterranean Europe, but is relatively rare in northern Europe. The only regions where haplogroup G2...
Haplogroup G, together with J2 clades, has been associated with the spread of agriculture, especially in the European context. However, interpretations based on simple haplogroup frequency clines do not recognize underlying patterns of genetic diversification. Although progress has been recently made in...
In any case, a later migration out of Egypt would be improbable since it would have brought haplogroups that came to Egypt during the Bronze Age, such as J1, J2, R1a or R1b-L23.The maternal lineages associated with the spread of R1b-V88 in Africa are mtDNA haplogroups J1b, U5 and...
On the other hand, the modern distributions of I4b, so far found only in Iran, I6, found in northern Iran, Turkey and Sicily, and I7, found in Armenia and Mesopotamia, do not suggest a Steppe connection. The pre-Indo-European development of haplogroup I in the Caucasus can explain why...