There are bigger negative relative humidity bias in South Pole and positive relative humidity bias at the upper level. It is obvious that there is wind bias at the upper level of equator. The geopotential RMSE difference between GRAPES analysis and NCEP analysis on 500 hPa are about 10 gpm ...
positive solutionnegative solutionThis paper considers the global existence of positive and negative solutions for impulsive functional differential equations (IFDEs). First, we introduce the concept of $ \\varepsilon $-unstability to IFDEs and establish some sufficient conditions to guarantee the $ \...
For example, a positive correlation with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been claimed50,51,52. The process that would link both events would be an anomalous atmospheric circulation pattern in the Atlantic Ocean that would appear during El Niño years favouring moisture transport from ...
11. Daily precipitation extremes are included with an interaction with the monthly average temperature level (having also tested alternative interactions with the monthly share of annual precipitation). Both positive (excess wet) and negative (excess dry) SPEI threshold exceedance are used. For the fo...
Wolf AA, Drake BG, Erickson JE, Megonigal JP (2007) An oxygenmediated positive feedback between elevated carbon dioxide and soil organic matter decomposition in a simulated anaerobic wetland. Glob Chang Biol 13:2036–2044 Article Google Scholar Worrall F, Burt T, Adamson J (2004) Can climate...
when the 90% CI included both substantial positive and negative values (ie, values greater and less than 10% and −9%, respectively).43Publication bias was assessed with a scatter plot of the random-effect solution (τ) against the log of the factor standard error for each study estimate...
The effects on real output are positive, although they take longer to materialize (around four quarters after the shock). We then re-examine the effects of low oil prices on the U.S. economy over different sub-periods using monthly observations on real oil prices, real equity prices and ...
economic growth was found to have a negative impact on CO2emissions in the high-income panel, while it exerts positive effects on the subject in the full, upper-middle-income, lower-middle-income, and low-income groups. Similarly, energy consumption, with no exceptions, was found to have a...
Openness has a positive sign in the case of regional integration. It implies that if an Asian market becomes relatively more open to international trade compared with the region, this decelerates regional financial integration. Combined with the regional trade linkage (BT) effect, this finding sugges...
TWS comprises both surface and groundwater fluxes, and a GRACE storage trend over a 100,000 km2 region can have a positive trend even if groundwater storage is in decline within a 4 km2 pixel within the larger GRACE region. Due to the coarse resolution and to avoid biases in model ...