Thenuclear genomeis large and complex in grain species and contains most of thegeneticinformation in the plant. The nuclear genome of rice is around 380 million base pairs in length. Other grain genomes can be much larger with the wheat genome comprising 17 billion base pairs. The resequencing...
5]. The whole genome sequences for two cultivated subspeciesOryza sativaL. ssp.japonica[4] andOryza sativaL. ssp.indica[5] enable scientists to systematically investigate the molecular basis of rice biology at the whole genome level [6]. They also allow researchers to...
000 years ago1, 6,000–7,000 years after the domestication of Asian rice (O. sativa)2,3. Rice cultivation had a central role in building strong, knowledgeable and vibrant agrarian cultures in west Africa. It was this know-how, i.e., cultivation...
Corals comprise a biomineralizing cnidarian, dinoflagellate algal symbionts, and associated microbiome of prokaryotes and viruses. Ongoing efforts to conserve coral reefs by identifying the major stress response pathways and thereby laying the foundation
The proportion of repetitive elements was also reestimated using the new genome assembly, and was calculated to be 46.8% in the silkworm genome. The new genome assembly and gene models are provided in SilkBase (http://silkbase.ab.a.u-tokyo.ac.jp). Graphical abstract Download: Download high-...
Distribution of gene conversion regions in the rice genome. Sixty-nine percent of all regions are shorter than 100 nucleotides. The number of conversions decreases as conversion length decreases. Full size image Gene conversion with pseudogenes may accelerate gene family evolution; in this model, pseu...
Genome sequence and rapid evolution of the rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae PXO99A Steven L Salzberg, Daniel D Sommer, Michael C Schatz, Adam M Phillippy, Pablo D Rabinowicz, Seiji Tsuge, Ayako Furutani, Hirokazu Ochiai, Arthur L Delcher, David Kelley, Ramana Madupu...
For plant genomes which contain fewer, SINEs, there is currently no unified set of SINE consensuses. Thus, from 4 to 20 SINE families have been reported in the rice genome depending on the classification method [8,9,10]. In the work we used a set of SINE consensus sequences collected ...
Full size image An increasing rate of nonsynonymous mutations within genes can also be a sign of adaptive divergence at the molecular level [55]. First, we analysed the functional enrichment of genes under positive selection, i.e. nonsynonymous substitution rate/ synonymous substitution rate > 1 ...
consistent with the general pattern of wild populations harboring higher genetic diversity than domesticated populations. However, this ratio of diversity (πwild/πcultivar) in castor bean (1.14) was quite small relative to other crops such as rice (1.25), soybean (1.58), cucumber (1.96), and...