which have evolved independently many times throughout the tree of life1,2,3. Often these chromosomes differ dramatically in morphology and gene content4,5,6. In mammals, males have a large, gene rich X-chromosome and a degraded, gene poor Y-chromosome, while females ...
Changes to the epigenome can result in changes to the structure of chromatin and changes to the function of the genome. Genome The total genetic content contained in a haploid set of chromosomes in eukaryotes, in a single chromosome in bacteria or archaea, or in the DNA or RNA of viruses....
The properties of the human Y chromosome – namely, male specificity, haploidy and escape from crossing over — make it an unusual component of the genome, and have led to its genetic variation becoming a key part of studies of human evolution, population history, genealogy, forensics and male...
We used a multifaceted sequencing approach for chromosome-scale assembly. For theCn. tallsample, 227 Gb of Nanopore sequencing reads (~114×), 124 Gb of Illumina reads for genome correction, and 213 Gb of high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) reads were generated and applied t...
(Richards and Ausubel, 1988; Adams et al., 2001). The centromeric region ofa chromosomeis usually associated with blocks of highly repetitive tandemlyrepeated DNA(also called satellite DNA) andretroelements. The highest proportion ofrepetitive DNAconsists of mobile elements, thetransposonsand...
For the first time, a Chinese research team has successfully sequenced the entire Chinese genome from telomere to telomere (T2T), producing a high-quality, real human diploid. This includes the Y chromosome and a complete, gapless whole-genome reference sequence (44+XY). ...
We found two TDG clusters with StSET genes on chromosome 3, while one was on chromosomes 7 and 8 (Fig. 1). We estimated the non-synonymous (Ka) and synonymous (Ks) substitution ratios (Ka/Ks) for each pair of tandemly duplicated StSET genes, and the ratios ranged from 0.39—0.99. ...
and ecological niches. In order to provide a better understanding of the proximate causes and ultimate consequences of shark genome size evolution, we performed phylogenetic comparative analysis involving the reconstruction of ancestral states for both genome size and chromosome number estimates, together ...
Here, we present the chromosome-level genome assembly ofOphrys sphegodes, a key representative of the genus and the adaptive radiation, to address questions on the genetic mechanisms underlying such rapid pollinator-driven speciation. Results and discussion ...
Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.), a member of the Lamiaceae family, is an important aromatic plant that has been widely used in medicine and perfumery. Here, we report a 1.94 Gb chromosome-scale assembly of the patchouli genome (contig N50 = 7.97 Mb). The gene ann...