The S100 protein family consists of 24 members functionally distributed into three main subgroups: those that only exert intracellular regulatory effects, those with intracellular and extracellular functions and those which mainly exert extracellular regulatory effects. S100 proteins are only expressed in ...
The S100 protein family is involved in epithelial cell maturation and inflammation. Some S100 members are dysregulated during carcinogenesis and have been established as tumor markers. Psoriasin (S100A7) and koebnerisin (S100A15) are highly homologous proteins that have been first described in psoriasis...
The consensus amino acid sequence for an EF-hand Ca2+-binding domain has allowed identification of more than 200 Ca2+-binding proteins from primary structures, many of them expressed in the central nervous system (Table 2.3). A central question concerns the biological, function of these proteins...
Serotonin (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter of the central nervous system known to modulate mood, pain, body homeostasis, and circadian rhythm [1,2]. However, nearly 95% of the body’s 5-HT is produced and released by enterochromaffin cells in the gut, where it acts locally or it can enter...
Interleukin (IL)-1R3 is the co-receptor in three signaling pathways that involve six cytokines of the IL-1 family (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-33, IL-36α, IL-36β and IL-36γ). In many diseases, multiple cytokines contribute to disease pathogenesis. For example, in asthma, both IL-33 ...
Methylation of nonhistone proteins affects protein stability, cellular localization, protein‒protein interactions, promoter binding affinity, and the regulation of other posttranslational modifications on the substrates (Fig. 1b). Fig. 1: Characteristics of protein lysine methylation. a The process of...
phages.RatS100A8(r-S100A8)andr-S100A9(S100proteins)isabundantlyexpressedinimmunecells ofmyeloidorigin,macrophages;however,itremainsunclearwhyr-S100A9isdominantlyexpressed inthemacrophagesofUCrats(UCR).Thepurposeofthisstudywastoverifytheimmunologicalroles ofS100proteinsinUCR.WeobservedthedistributionofS100protein...
The S100 family of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins: functions and pathology. Calcium lons as second messengers control many biological processes, at least in part, via interaction with a large number of Ca(2+)-binding proteins. One ... Schfer BW,CW Heizmann - 《Trends in Biochemical Science...
S100 proteins are a family of calcium‐binding cytosolic proteins that possess a wide range of intracellular and extracellular functions and play pivotal roles in tumor migration and invasion. CPT1A-induced S100A10 succinylation at K47 suppresses its ubiquitylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation. ...
Protein methylation refers to the addition of a methyl group to the ε-amino group of proteins, with S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) primarily used as the methyl group donor. Protein residues can be methylated on nitrogen (N-methylation), oxygen (O-methylation), sulfur (S-methylation), and...