Nanoparticles stabilize vaccines and improve antigen recognition and presentation, resulting in high tumor penetration or accumulation, effective co-distribution of drugs to the secondary lymphatic system, and adaptable antigen or adjuvant administration. Such vaccine-like nanomedicines have the ability to ...
Mechanistically, the use of statins could represent a form of drug repositioning to enhance the efficacy of mTOR inhibitors. Similarly, statins combined with traditional chemotherapy have demonstrated promising results in preclinical models of endometrial, gallbladder cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and ...
Currently, a panel of metabolism-related molecules such as isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), and PGC-1 have been identified to strengthen mitochondrial fitness, remove the metabolic barrier, and preclude CAR-T exhaustion [100,101,...
Results: Throughout all the FD cellular models, we observed impaired mitochondrial respiration and ATP synthesis, resulting from reduced mitophagy-flux, accumulation of aberrant mitochondria, and compromised PGC-1α-dependent mitochondrial renewal. Similar alterations of mitochondrial function and turnover we...
form local aggregation to ensure binary outcomes of the fate determination [19]. They further enrich other proteins for function, and produce precursors and differentiated daughter cells to meet the needs of microenvironment repair, while the other daughters retreat back into quiescence, thus preserving...
SCFAs can enhance energy metabolism in CKD patients by eliciting the secretion of GLP-1 and PYY from colonic enteroendocrine cells, activating PGC-1a and AMPK through interactions with peroxisome proliferator receptors in muscle and liver, stimulating the expression of UCP and PGC-1a in brown ...
Process of inducing iPSCs into PGCLCs (A. Mouse induction process; B. Human induction process) Full size image Primordial germ cells differentiating into gametes To generate mature follicles, ongoing research focuses on establishing in vitro conditions for inducing PGCs into more advanced germ cells....
Glutamine can also be used as a substrate in the TCA cycle, a key metabolic pathway that generates energy in the form of ATP. Moreover, glutamine metabolism in cancer cells can contribute to the replenishment of the cellular antioxidant defense system. Cancer cells often face oxidative stress ...
NF-κB, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), and signalling regulators of metabolism, including protein kinase A, 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) [37,38,39,40,41,42,43]. ...
The absence of such behavior suggests that such cells are not merely variably damaged during preparation, but represent a distinct, possibly pre-existing state, perhaps associated with some form of cell stress or death (although we see no significant enrichment of gene expression associated with ...