The capacity to form spores provides C. innocuum a competitive advantage in colonizing the intestine [1]. Furthermore, this study showed that the majority of analyzed C. innocuum isolates exhibit a remarkable ability to produce substantial amounts of biofilm. This attribute would enhance the ...
It can be argued that protein domains act like 'evolutionary atoms' to a certain extent [9]; Protein domains form functional units [13] that cannot be split into smaller units, and a single protein domain can, in general, not be constructed by fusing multiple occurrences of other protein ...
is valuable for providing animal protein to the increasing human populace and also can be used as an excellent animal model for scientific research [1]. Since the domestication of the red jungle fowl, hundreds of phenotypically distinguishable domestic chicken breeds have diverged under the combined ...
Form therapeutic point of view, exosomes are applied as diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, or as anticancer drug-delivery vehicles [178]. Communications mediated by exosomes in cancer can be disrupted by inhibition of the exosome production, secretion, cell-to-cell communication as well as ...
= 1. it is biological evidence, which led to the above definitions. the products of highly expressed genes are involved in complex interactions. therefore, it is highly unlikely that these genes can be replaced by hgt. please note that the algorithm has – due to our design – to consider...
to this class of organisms, including changes in cellular morphology and an unusual form of social motility. BecauseH. volcaniihas one of the most advanced genetic systems for any archaeon, the phenotypes reported here may promote the study of genetic and developmental processes in archaeal biofilms...
In eukaryotes, animal retroviruses, which can integrate into host genome as an obligate step in their replication strategy, comprise approximately 8% of the human genome in the form of inherited endogenous retroviruses [3]. Moreover, the integrated retroviral genes have been demonstrated to play ...
Mercury (Hg) is highly toxic and has the potential to cause severe health problems for humans and foraging animals when transported into edible plant parts. Soil rhizobia that form symbiosis with legumes may possess mechanisms to prevent heavy metal tran
changes that promote energy storage in fat tissue that in turn encourages growth of the fetus [74] and milk production in the mother. Also, during our evolution, food insecurity was a frequent occurrence, and the ability to store energy in the form of fat was probably advantageous for ...
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) might be a significant driver of gene innovation in dinoflagellates [59]. HGT is widespread in eukaryotes, accounting for 0.1-6.4% of total genes, depending on the species [60]. While the full extent of HGT in dinoflagellates awaits the sequencing of large-genome...