Allowing informal sanctions, by contrast, not only comes with a danger that punishments will be misapplied, but also should have no efficiency benefit under standard assumptions of self-interested agents. We experimentally investigate the relative effectiveness of formal vs. informal sanctions in the ...
Contract Law • 1985 Foreign Economic Contract Law • 1987 Technology Contract Law • 1999 Contract Law Substitutes for Contract Enforcement in China • Informal and social sanctions • Middlemen • Networks • Reputation • Informal collateral How Effective is Contract Enforcement in China...
In its present state, phonology is not ready for optimization, but it is ready for formalization: the key ideas, developed in the phonological literature in an informal fashion , can be expressed in a more rigorous manner so that the results can serve as the conceptual basis for algorithm...
Endogenous Formal Versus Informal Sanctions in The Voluntary Provision of Public Goods. Exp Econ. 2014; 18(1):38-65.Kamei, Kenju, Louis Putterman, and Jean-Robert Tyran. 2015. "State or nature? Endogenous formal versus informal sanctions in the voluntary provision of public goods" Experimentl ...
Findings from a series of longitudinal models show that higher perceptions of both formal and informal sanctions are related to decreased offending, while higher legal cynicism is linked to increased offending. Legal cynicism moderates the relationship between formal—but not informal—sanctions and ...
Formal and informal sanctionsLegal and non-legal sanctionsSmartphone use while drivingThe illegal use of a smartphone while driving increases the risk of crashes. As such, road authorities rely on countermeasures to reduce illegal smartphone use. Deterrence-based methods dominate road safety, however, ...
Formal and informal sanctions by rule type devised by local fishers.Richard, CudneyBuenoXavier, Basurto
Gender Differences in Perceived Threats of Formal and Informal SanctionsMiyuki FukushimaA. SpivakM. Kelley
Lochner T , Cain BE ( 2000 ) The Enforcement Blues: Formal and Informal Sanctions for Campaign Finance Violations . Administrative Law Review 52 , 629 – 660 .Lochner T, Cain BE (2000) The Enforcement Blues: Formal and Informal Sanctions for Campaign Finance Violations. Administrative Law ...
JACOB, H. ( 1979 ) “ The deterrent effects of formal and informal sanctions . Prepared for the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association .Jacob, H. (1980). Deterrents effects on formal and informal sanctions. In J. Brigham and D. W. Brown (Eds.), Policy implementation...