The plasma proteins interact in specific ways to cause the blood to coagulate, which is part of the body’s response to injury to the blood vessels (also known as vascular injury), and helps protect against the loss of blood and invasion by foreign microorganisms and viruses. Plasma proteins ...
solving social challenges, and improving consumer and market acceptance. Genetically modified (GM), or transgenic organisms, as per the World Health Organization, are referred to those genetic material changes in microorganisms, plants, or animal species that do not occur in natural recombination or ...
GM manipulation has also been attempted through the administration of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics, with the aim of obtaining a shift in the balance between nonpathogenic species and pathogenic species. Probiotics have been defined as “live microorganisms that, when administered...
stating that a postbiotic is “a preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host.” Postbiotics may include whole microbial cells and/ or components of the cells—for example, organelles, cell wall components, or extracellular membrane vesicl...
ABC transporters: from microorganisms to man. Ann Rev Cell Biol 1992; 8: 67–113. Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar Fath MJ, Kolter R. ABC transporters: Bacterial exporters. Microbiol Rev 1993; 57: 995–1017. PubMed CAS Google Scholar Gilson E, Nikaido H, Hofnung, M Sequence of ...
primary ecological successionPrimary succession begins in barren areas, such as on bare rock exposed by a retreating glacier. The first inhabitants are lichens, mosses, fungi, or microorganisms—those that can survive in such an environment. Over hundreds of years these “pioneer species” convert ...