Image-based definition of input function (IF) and organ function is a prerequisite for kinetic analysis of dynamic scintigraphy or positron emission tomography. This task is typically done manually by a human operator and suffers from low accuracy and reproducibility. We propose a probabilistic model...
A crucial point in the definition of the cost function to minimize is that, in order for the foreground level of Z to propagate to the background, the first term is weighted spatially by the pixel class such that if a pixel belongs to the background this data attachment term is not ...
Moreover, in the simulations this representation allowed a straightforward definition of the ground truth connectivity pattern without involving aggregation procedures that could have biased the final results. Additional care is required in studies where further reduction strategies are performed. For ...
Image fusion is the combining process of complementary information of multiple same scene images into an output image. The resultant output image that is n
where \(E\) represents the expectation operator of a random variable. The \(F\) is the Fourier transform of the time series \(x(i)\) and F* is its conjugate. The two types of phase entropy, \({S}_{1}\) and \({S}_{2}\), can be defined as: $${S}_{1}=-\,\sum _{...
Its precision of extraction of the reported α-level, power, correction procedures for multiple testing, use of interactions, definition of outlier, and mentions of statistical assumptions are evaluated by a comparison to a manually curated data set of the same collection of articles. Sensitivity, ...
By removing the incompatible entity-relation triples from the loss 2Notice that we use a slightly different definition of p from the one in (Nickel et al., 2012). The time complexity of multiplying an n × n sparse matrix Xk with p non-zero entries by an n × r dense matrix is O(...
Our prototype system is built on three CC2530 sensors, namely Alice, Bob, and Eve, as shown in Fig. 1. We choose resource constrained hardware devices to prove the lightweight of our scheme. Then, to facilitate debugging, we implement the specific algorithm based on the computer by MATLAB ...
(3) has an equivalent definition in the frequency domain, i.e.: (10)Wz(t,f)=∫−∞∞Zf+ν2Z∗f−ν2e2jπtνdν.where ν represents the frequency shift called Doppler. Both definitions are equivalent; however the frequency domain definition requires knowledge of the FT of the ...
In the case of structs and tuples, Swift is guaranteed to be able to scalarize them away, so long as the compiler can see the type definition. This is possible because we have no aliasing in our programming model. This is great because it allows users to compose high level ...