Mixtures of Gaussians and the EM algorithm Mixtures of Gaussians Note that if we knew what the z(i)’s were, the maximum likelihood problem would have been easy. Specifically, we could then write down the likelihood as: &nbs...
I spent the second year doing much of the same things, but a decent amount of the sheen of the do nothing lifestyle had worn off. Most of the people I had spent my years in school with had now gone off to college, and here I was still stuck even though I had graduated before the...
We used a random forest algorithm in combination with phylogenetic trait imputation to fill gaps in the trait data and not omit missing data (Penone et al. 2014). To strengthen the predictive power of the model, we used the missForest::misForest() function (Stekhoven 2022) and phylogenetic ...