Cells with high phylobetadiversity between them, represented by points plotted far from each other in NMDS space, are more biogeographically isolated. To illustrate how phy- lobetadiversity represents biogeogra
Photo: How a raster graphics program mirrors an image. Top: The pixels in the original image are represented by zeros and ones, with black pixels represented here by 1 and white ones represented by zero. That means the top image can be stored in the computer's memory as the binary ...
1966) – that has been adapted for the teaching context (Kyriacou & Sutcliffe,1978) – potential stressors first undergo a subjective appraisal. The affected individual assesses them as irrelevant, challenging or threatening. In situations where a...
1. Draw a perfect binary tree of level 3. 2. Hoa many nodes are there in a perfect binary tree of level n? 3. How many ancestors does a node at level n in a binary tree? 4. What is the maximum numb Measurements based on geodesic distance co...
We utilized multiple regression on matrices (MRMs) to test how well gut microbiome diversity could be explained by host phylogeny, diet, habitat, geographic location, and technical variation. We chose MRMs because host phylogeny and geographic location can be directly represented as distance matrices...
The causal structures posited in our study are represented in the directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) displayed in Fig.2. The DAG in Fig.2A evaluates the portion of the effect of early life socioeconomic conditions (exposure) on adult inflammatory levels (outcome) transmitted by intracellular processes...
The solid line represents the theoreticalradiation for a blackbodyat 2.73 K according toPlanck's Law(derived as early as 1900 byMax Planck). The formula, almost as written in the graph, can be foundhere. The only changes are that on Wikipedia, the frequencyfis represented by the Greek lette...
(shapes, angles) are well represented, which helps a lot in recognizing them on-the-field, or for local navigation in that small part only. For this reason, that projection (or a close variant) is used in several online mapping services (such as Google Maps), which means that it is ...
A punch card is a early form of storing data; the pattern of holes and non-holes in a paper or cardboard card represented information. Punch cards were used through the late 1970s and early 1980s to enter programs and data in COBOL, FORTRAN and other early languages. Punch cards and ...