Types of variables 1- Continuous variables: variable can take on a range of different values. Their values can be presented on continuum. Examples. Age. weight,. height. Dr. Yousef Aljeesh 2- Categorical variables: variables that take on a much smaller range of values. Example:. Male or f...
The latter was operationalized as population per square mile as a proxy of urbanization and was log-transformed because of non-normality. Statistical Analysis We first examined the prevalence of preterm birth by maternal race/ethnicity and neighborhood diversity Fig. 1 Neighborhood cluster ...
Fryer (2022) posits that thematic analysis – a method common to qualitative research – should be operationalized under the lens of critical realism to “produce nuanced causal explanations of events, countering the mistaken assumption that qualitative research cannot produce causal knowledge” [19]. ...
For the collection and processing of data used the desk method, using interviews and via electronic questionnaires, in which the questions in the first part related to the socio-demographic variables of the respondents, while in the second part the group of dependent variables was...
. With the exception of the work of Weber and colleagues (2014,2015,2016a,b) within the ASCOTFootnote1research initiative, intrapreneurship has been subject to little research to date. Therefore, I refer to their work where IP competence has been conceptualized, operationalized, and scaled up ...
The ease of configuration of formatively measured constructs in PLS-SEM is a definite advantage since this type of construct is commonly encountered in L2 research but often inappropriately operationalized in empirical studies. See Fig. 1 for conceptual differences between the two types of constructs....
They can be described as the dependent and independent variables, respectively. The relationship between the two constructs can be determined based on survey data obtained from employees working in one or more organizations. The utilization of social assets will be operationalized as “information, ...
(Boswell, 2013, p. 90). When applied to the study’s research question, self-efficacy can be operationalized as confidence in the students’ ability to successfully execute counseling-related tasks based on their mode of study (either online or land-based), or the beliefs and judgments ...
The independent variable (IV) is hand-washing training. It is operationalized in this study as structured instruction or educational intervention for improving staff nurses’ knowledge of hand washing practices for better post-operative outcomes. The two dependent variables (DVs) are hand hygien...