对于mRNA来说,其不同阶段的加工在不同水平上相互联系,转录、RNA加工及mRNA的运输等过程是相耦联的;同时,许多mRNA的加工因子是共转录的,转录的完成需要不同的成分,跟mRNA加工的不同阶段相耦联。比如,mRNA的转录和剪接加工是同时进行的,转录开始后不久就会发生5‘加帽,并且募集pre-mRNA加工所需要的酶和相关剪接因子...
This chapter provides an overview of the steps of eukaryotic gene expression by RNA polymerase II, from the birth to the end of mRNA life. Transcriptional initiation of RNA polymerase II genes typically involves an activator that binds to a specific sequence. Following transcriptional initiation, ...
The primary eukaryotic mRNA transcript is much longer and localised into the nucleus, when it is also called heterogenous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) or pre- mRNA. It undergoes various processing steps to change into a mature RNA: Cleavage Larger RNA precursors are cleaved to form smaller RNAs. Primary...
Eukarytotic gene expression is frustrated by a series of steps that are generally not observed in prokaryotes and are therefore not essential for the basic chemistry of transcription and translation. Their evolution may have been driven by the need to defend against parasitic nucleic acids....
Eukaryotic gene cloning and expression in yeast. Nasmyth - 《Nature》 被引量: 6发表: 1978年 Posttranscriptional Control of Gene Expression in Yeast Studies of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have greatly advanced our understanding of the posttranscriptional steps of eukaryotic gene expressio....
The relative expression ranking of each gene was calculated using the formula: 1- (order of the gene) / (total number of all expressed genes). The relative expression ranking of all represented species for each gene were presented as scatter-boxplot in the R program. Nucleotide sequences for...
Here, we report a fully eukaryotic platform for Cas enhancement. Our methodology exploits evolutionary steps in yeast followed by a selection of variants in mammalian cells. Enhanced nucleases such as UltraCjCas9, obtained through EPICA, will foster the expansion of the genome editing toolbox with ...
Recent concepts regarding rate-limiting steps such as promoter escape, elongation, and termination are discussed; as well as recently-discovered enzymes that make part of the transcription process, such as ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors, histone acetylases, and Mediator complexes. The ...
Each of these steps is a demonstrated, or potential, site for the regulation of mRNA decay. We discuss the decapping process in the light of these central properties, which also suggest fundamental aspects of cytoplasmic mRNA physiology that connect decapping, , and storage of mRNA. 展开 ...
Characterization of Nuclear Factors for Elicitor-Mediated Activation of the Promoter of the Pea Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Gene 1 To improve efficiency and reduce costs, it is necessary to reduce the number of steps is the rotor development process. This can be achieved by combining t... H.,Ka...