Visa soon followed suit and, in 2015, the EU’s Interchange Fee Regulation made those caps law. The two companies did not immediately respond to requests for comment. –Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2019 MasterCardVISA BlackRock roars back with best first quarter in four yea...
This paper provides an overview of the following topics and examines their relevance to firms operating in the payments sector: the revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2); the Interchange Fee Regulation (IFR); regulation of cryptocurrencies and other cryptoassets; other EU regulation relevant to ...
EuroCommerce also called on the EC to widen the scope of its Interchange Fee Regulation (IFR) and deal with the ongoing rise in unregulated fees, arguing that “recent evidence suggests that these (and other fee increases) may cancel out much ...
The interchange fee, which is paid at each payment-card operation, has especially come under scrutiny by the Commission. In its preliminary findings the Commission was concerned about price differentials and said there were "indications that banks issuing cards may be obtaining significant economic r...
International Pharmaceutical Aerosol Consortium on Regulation and Science ISM: Impactor sized mass IVIVC: In vitro in vivo correlation IVIVR: In vitro in vivo relationship LABA: Long acting beta agonist NDA: New drug applicaiton NIFDC: National Institute for Food and Drug Control (in China)...
multilateral interchange fee (MIFhybrid governanceprivate regulationself-regulationsoft lawEuropean Payments Council (EPCEuropean integrationThis paper traces the evolution of EU payments law for retail payments, identifying four phases of its development. In spite of the EU's founding principle of free ...
The interchange fee, which is paid at each payment-card operation, has especially come under scrutiny by the Commission. In its preliminary findings the Commission was concerned about price differentials and said there were "indications that banks issuing cards may be obtaining significant economic ...