Conclusions: Our results suggest that endogenous estrogen production in females during minipuberty stimulates the infant breast bud. More research is needed to investigate the potential biologic relevance of this hormonal stimulation of infant breast tissue to later breast development and risk of malignant...
Estrogen, or oestrogen, is the primary female sex hormone. It is responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. There are three major endogenous estrogens in females that have estrogeni
During puberty, estrogen slows down the growth of females and enhances the body’s response to insulin. In the liver, estrogen works to regulate cholesterol production. It causes body hair to become finer. It creates the ideal female body frame by making the bones smaller and shorter, the sho...
Estrogen regulation refers to the process by which the hormone estrogen influences fertility and infertility in females. It has both positive and negative feedback effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and plays a crucial role in the development of contraceptive pills. Estrogen interacts with estro...
The biosynthesis of estrogens begins when cholesterol is metabolized to produce estrogens as the end product through series of enzymatic steps ofsteroidogenesis. In females, the process starts in thetheca interna cellsof the ovaries. Here, the cholesterol goes through steps that lead to the producti...
Recent data explain one way that estrogen stimulates NO production in mouse spleen.4Estrogen treatmentin vivoallows profound NO production by isolated splenocytes, provided three conditions are met. First, T cells need stimulation, for example by the T cell mitogen ConA or by CD3 antibodies...
During aging, estrogen production and circulating levels of estrogen are markedly decreased in females. Although several differences exist in the process of reproductive aging between women and female rats, the results of many studies suggest that the female rat, especially the middle-aged or aged ov...
for implantation of the ovum into the uterine wall. Of note is the factthat progesterone is also a precursor to testosteronewhich can be made in small quantities by the ovaries. It should now be clear that all these hormones will become major players during the reproductive years in females....
Gonadectomy of both males and females caused a decrease in aconitase activity, suggesting that endogenous gonadal hormones influence mitochondrial ROS production in the brain. In vivo treatment of gonadectomized animals with testosterone or dihydrotestosterone (DHT) had no effect, but estrogen replacement...
In females, the majority of estradiol is produced by the ovaries. 8 Estrogen Used in various forms for hormone replacement therapy. Estrogen patches are a common form of hormone replacement therapy. 8 Estradiol Its levels are a key marker in fertility assessments. High estradiol levels might indic...