As a result, STFT is not appropriate for analysis of non-stationary signals or signals with fast-changing frequency like LFM signals. As an alternative to the traditional Fourier Transform, Xia et al. [2–4] proposed the widely linear model for frequency estimation in three-phase power systems...
It was found that the intermittent charge–discharge method used to determine the OCV-SOC curve of a nickel–cadmium battery was more applicable than the micro-current method. It showed that the nickel– cadmium battery had typical voltage hysteresis characteristics, as well as the characteristics ...
Specifically, sea level rise in estuaries will result in landward movement of both the average and storm-driven high water lines; landward migration of the salinity gradient in surface and groundwater; changes in sediment transport and deposition; and coastal "squeeze", resulting in a loss of ...
Introduction As fossil fuel reserves continue to decrease, new means of transportation that are independent of traditional fuels have to be found to meet the requirements of our daily life. Consequently, electrical vehicles (EV) have been regarded as a potential solution. In order to increase the...
output of the j-th neuron corresponds to the j-th value of the estimation result yj, as described by Equation (11). yj = Snj SD = n i =1 Yi exp - -(X - Xi )T 2δ (X 2 - Xi ) , i n =1 exp - -(X - Xi )T 2...
This causes uncertainty in a battery model parameter determination and may result in an unavoidable perturbation in a SOC estimation. Therefore, online battery modelling has attracted considerable research attention because it not only estimates the SOC precisely under different conditions and aging levels...