While an epidemic is defined as “the occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness clearly in excess of normal expectancy”6,7, a pandemic is defined as “an epidemic occurring over a very wide area, crossing international boundaries, and usually affecting a large number of peo...
'Molecular epidemiology' is defined as the integration of conventional epidemiological approaches with molecular techniques to track specific strains of pa... RASSD Neill,SD Neill - 《Tuberculosis》 被引量: 52发表: 2001年 Bacterial genetics and strain variation. However, genome variation studied by mo...
Severe CDI is defined as: The patient is admitted to a medical facility for treatment of a community-onset CDI, The patient is admitted to an intensive care unit for treatment of CDI or its complications, Surgical intervention, e.g. colectomy, is performed due to megacolon, perforation or ...
A fracture was defined as osteoporotic only if it occurred as a result of minimal trauma in a person 60 years of age or older. National hospital discharge register. Finland, a country with approximately 5 million inhabitants. All patients 60 years of age or older who were admitted to ...
“fieldepidemiology”isvariouslydefinedas“thepracticeof [epidemiology]inrealtimeandrealplace,whichinturn involvesbothscienceandart”(1,p.10),andapplieswhen “theproblemisunexpected,atimelyresponsemaybe demanded,publichealthepidemiologistsmusttraveltoand workinthefieldtosolvetheproblem,andtheextentofthe investigat...
When epidemiology began to assert its place as a significant scientific discipline in the mid-20th century, there were few texts to assist students or their teachers. Indeed, the methods and rigors of the discipline were just beginning to be defined and refined. Consequently, most teachers had ...
IgG4 is involved in attachment of heavy or light chain way in two different antigen-combining sites (this process has been defined as “Fab-arm exchange”). Another aspect is its tendency to mimic IgG rheumatoid factor activity by interacting with IgG on a solid support [21]. In many ...
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening syndrome associated with physiological, pathological and biological abnormalities caused by a dysregulated host response to infections [1]. It is a global public health concern due to its high mortality and morbidity, and substantial economic burden [2]. Rudd...
The need of palliative care at the end-of-life in the emergency departments (ED) is growing. The study aims to investigate the epidemiology of patients who died during care in ED using nationwide database, and to estimate the need for palliative care in
Chronic abdominal pain is a frequently encountered problem of primary care physicians, gastroenterologists, and pain physicians. Generally it is defined as a continuous or intermittent abdominal discomfort lasting for at least 6 months. This chapter will discuss the epidemiology of a wide variety of ...