2(ACE2)to mediate viral entry to the target cells.D614G identified in early 2020 is a globally dominant mutation(Korber et al.,2020).In late 2020,several variants were reported,which had caused continental and eventually worldwide epidemics.These notable variants include B.1.1.7 lineage(501Y....
and more recently, the independent evolution of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants has generated renewed interest in virus evolution and cross-species transmission. While all known human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are speculated to have originated in animals, very little is known about their evolutionary...
The emergence of new lineages of SARS-CoV-2 on three continents towards the end of 2020, and their rapid expansion at the expense of the previously dominant lineages, poses significant challenges to public health1. In order to address these challenges effectively, there is an urgent need to un...
SARS-CoV-2 is evolving, with new lineages being reported all over the world. Amongst previous lineages, D614G was shown to have faster growth in vitro and enhanced transmission in small animals, and has subsequently become globally dominant64–66. Other vari- ants of concern have been ...
A monoclonal antibody that neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants, SARS-CoV, and other sarbecoviruses Pengfei Wang, Ryan G. Casner, Manoj S. Nair, Jian Yu, Yicheng Guo, Maple Wang, Jasper F.-W. Chan, Gabriele Cerutti, Sho Iketani, Lihong Liu, Zizhang Sheng, Zhiwei Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, ...
The dominant genotype in the 1990s was D3, replaced with D5 from 2000 to 2008. The predominant genotype changed each year depending on the trend in outbreaks since 2008. Table 3. Genotypes reported in Osaka Prefecture from 1997 to 2021. GenotypeYear isolated or detectedTotal ...
and B.1.351 (South Africa) harbor this D614G mutation, highlighting the transmission advantage of D614G substitution [3]. D614G substitution asynchronously replaced the SARS-CoV-2 strain initially identified in China and became the dominant form of SARS-CoV-2, circulating across the world [2]....
GSDMs represent a gene family with a conserved structural motif. Initial insights into GSDMs emerged in the early 2000s (Fig.1).15Saeki and colleagues cloned the mouse gene, GSDM, which bore the signature of the deafness autosomal dominant non-syndromic sensorineural 5 (DFNA5) gene.15The te...
This variant is highly transmissible, being first identified in the UK on September 20, 2020, and a few months later became the dominant strain in the country. It contains ‘signature’ mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, including the 69–70 deletion and two non-synonymous mutations ...
species2. The heterogeneity in the monosaccharide building blocks and how they are linked and modified by the bacterium allows for specific antibody binding to each CPS, hence serotyping2,3. While regional differences exist in dominant serotype colonization and infection, 20 to 25 predominant sero...