energies Review Analysis of the Current Electric Battery Models for Electric Vehicle Simulation Gaizka Saldaña 1 , José Ignacio San Martín 1 , Inmaculada Zamora 2, Francisco Javier Asensio 1,* and Oier Oñederra 2 1 Department of Electrical Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV...
Multi-objective optimizations considering both objective functions are useful for the designer to find the suitable design parameters of TECs which balance the important roles of cooling rate and COP. Keywords: metaheuristic techniques; optimization; optimization algorithms; single-objective optimization; ...
The development and projec- tion of the unit price of a lithium battery in the future are described in the BloombergNEF chart. The key determinant of this forecast is the relationship between price and volume. From the observed historical values, a learning rate of about 18% was calculated. ...
cTthioentowoilthuisned to design the hybrid-electric aircraft and to evaluate the objective function within the op- timisation procedure was THEA-CODE (Section 2.2). The optimisation problem is de- scribed by Equation (8). objective function min(mblock fuel(x)) Aerospace 2023, 10, 246 ...
Sci. 2019, 9, 4337 η : driving power efficiency of EVs (km/kWh); and 5 of 16 5 of 16 P: rPa:priadpcidhacrhgairngginpgowpoewr. er. ErtiiasshopqeuaapucipErtisthtoorlarcqfeyeetTuanoiotuocqicrthsnrofiiaeaumtntoetTesntalhiqrigtccthrnuoEaemoa(uueest1nlnVldi,laciuct)ratgEhih.(u,elte...