We have classified the different modes of action that ubiquitin and SUMO use to determine the timing of events in DNA replication. First, degradation timers are marks that set the degradation of replication factors to prevent their action when they are not needed, shutting on and off specific ...
4b). Dynamically regulated genes were enriched in pathways related to T cell activation, such as DNA replication and regulation of cell cycle, mRNA transcription and processing, protein translation, signaling downstream of the TCR and signaling by interleukins (Supplementary Table 7). Finally, we ...
Based on the investigation, we found that both cell number and cell size of Lps were greater than that of Tif during the early-growth stage. Herein, we analyzed the relationship between pod length and pod transversal diameter with cell number and cell area, respectively. In both longitudinal a...
The repair products of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) are crucial for investigating the mechanism underlying DNA damage repair as well as evaluating the safety and efficiency of gene-editing; however, a comprehensively quantitative assay remains to be established. Here, we describe the step-by-s...
Using super-resolution SIM, we investigated the dynamic architecture of SCs, which are assembled between homologous chromosomes. We also specified the dynamic localization of RPA that binds to single-stranded DNA at meiotic recombination sites associated with SCs during prophase I. We describe new feat...
Herein, we first review recent advances in the interactions between hepatocytes and surrounding cells and among nonparenchymal cells in the context of liver epithelial cell self-replication. Next, we discuss the crosstalk of several cell types in the context of liver epithelial transdifferentiation, ...
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DNA replication complexes, origin recognition complex and minichromosome maintenance complex display a characteristic pattern with peak expression at hour 5 (stage 10) and late expression in CNS (b). Similarly, the mitochondrial ribosomal genes decline during early embryogenesis but begin to rise around...
1992]). We found that the fraction of cells (average spindle length 1.2 μm) with separated sister centromeres was similar in esp1 and wt control cells (40% in esp1 versus 50% in wt). Thus, the transient separation of centromere-proximal DNA does not require cohesin proteolysis. Instead...
Based on these observations, we propose a model for INM in the neuroepithelia of the neural tube and cerebral cortex that involves sequential roles of microtubules and actin during G2 phase and mitosis respectively (Fig. 6). When DNA replication is completed and G2 phase begins, the nucleus ...