Short fordeoxyribonucleic acid.The nucleic acid that is the genetic material determining the makeup of all living cells and many viruses. It consists of two strands of nucleotides linked together in a structure resembling a ladder twisted into a spiral. In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is contained ...
This has not stopped some organisms from turning these inhospitable environments into their homes, and in the process many have created their own forms of light by developing one of the stunning visual marvels of the biological universe—bioluminescence. C. B.Many people will encounter ...
Turning genes off In prokaryotes, a similar system can also be used to turn genes off. Consider, for example, theE. colitrpoperon, which contains the genes required to make the amino acid tryptophan. This operon functions much like thelacoperon except for one major difference — specifically, ...
Mining the rich uncharted territory of the genome or genetic material of a cancer cell has yielded gold for Princess Margaret scientists: new protein targets for drug development against prostate cancer. Using state-of-the-art, whole-genome sequencing technologies on prostate tumour samples, Princess ...
Generally, the protein products of the T-DNA genes fall into two categories: factors involved in host cell neoplasia and enzymes necessary for the synthesis and export of opines. Whereas the function of some of these genes is well known, many others remain functionally uncharacterized. The known...
Given the striking enhancement of base-editing specificity associated with protein delivery of BE3, we investigated whether this improvement was a result of a reduction in the total quantity of active genome-editing agent delivered into the cell. Using the sgRNA targeting EMX1, we performed a dose...
This process is termed indirect methylation because the alkylating agent modifies the phospho-sugar backbone chain first, turning the protein into a transcriptional activator. SN2 type methylating agents are able to methylate C38 directly, which may be an alternative but less effi...
Turning Junk DNA into Medicine with HAYA Therapeutics: Human Genome and Fibrosis It’s a longstanding truism to the point of getting called the “central dogma of molecular biology”: DNA makes RNA, RNA makes protein. It is also a severely outdated notion, first via the...
Figure 1. In the face of DNA reapplication stress, ATAD5 i) removes PCNA from the stressed DNA and simultaneously ii) recruits RAD51 recombinase through protein-protein interaction. Then iii) RAD51 wraps and transforms the DNA into a stable structure. Subsequently, iv) DNA is cleaved via MUS...
Plasmids were transformed into competent BL21 E. coli cells by heat shock. Cultures (250 mL) were grown in 2 x YT media at 37 °C until OD 0.6 was reached at which point the incubation temperature was reduced to 16 °C and protein expression was induced with IPTG (0.5 mM)....