DNA can't directly order a cell to make proteins. It has to be transcribed into RNA orribonucleic acid. RNA, in turn, is translated bycellular machineryto make amino acids, which it joins together to form polypeptides and proteins...
DNA could become supercoiled in living cells in a number of ways: (1) through the action of a DNA gyrase, (2) by wrapping DNA into a negative supercoil around a protein (in eukaryotic cells these proteins are histones) and subsequently removing a resulting positive supercoil, and (3) by...
Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in DNA-associated proteins are known to influence gene regulation, but their distribution and cooperative functions in genome-wide regulatory programs remain poorly understood. Here we describe DisP-seq (disordered protein precipitation followed by DNA sequencing), an...
In the cells of these organisms, the DNA is twisted around bead-like proteins called histones. The histones are also coiled tightly to form chromosomes, which are in the nucleus of the cell. When a cell reproduces, the chromosomes (DNA) get copied and distributed to each offspring or ...
Nevertheless, HU is the ‘textbook’ prokaryotic equivalent of eukaryotic histones. In order to understand how HU got to be considered a histone-like protein, the developments leading to and following its discovery should be put in a historical context. 2. The creation of a dogma At the time...
product of, for example, histone demethylation, or acetaldehyde formed during alcohol metabolism. Although a wide variety of nuclear proteins can be crosslinked by FA, it was recently shown that mostly core histones are crosslinked7. Although cells have evolved different DPC repair mechanisms, ...
A nucleosome is the fundamental repeating unit of the eukaryotic chromosome. It has been shown that the positioning of a majority of nucleosomes is primarily controlled by factors other than the intrinsic preference of the DNA sequence. One of the key qu
DNA is coiled tightly to form structures calledchromosomes. Each chromosome contains a single DNA molecule, wrapped tightly around spool-like proteins called histones, which provide chromosomes their structure. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, which are found inside each cell's nucleus, the contro...
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA), present in circulating blood plasma, contains information about prenatal health, organ transplant reception, and cancer presence and progression. Originally developed for the genomic analysis of highly degraded ancient DNA, single-
Crystal structure of human telomeric G4s (Protein Data Bank: 1KF1): (B) top view and (C) side view; backbone is represented by grey tube and the structures are colour-coded by atoms. Schematic representation of unimolecular G4s based on the strand direction: (D) parallel, (E) anti-...