Similarly, environmental pathogen load data can sometimes help identify the mode of transmission. We present under what conditions the mode of transmission has an effect on the epidemiological time series and what features of the time series allow one to identify when indirect transmission is present...
Vesicular stomatitis virus transmission: a comparison of incriminated vectors Insects, 9 (2018), p. 190, 10.3390/insects9040190 View in ScopusGoogle Scholar [129] X. Wang, W. Jiang, Y. Yan, T. Gong, J. Han, Z. Tian, R. Zhou RNA viruses promote activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome th...
XRD: X-ray Powder Diffraction; SEM: Scanning Electron Microscopy; TEM: Transmission Electron Microscope; XPS: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy; BET: Brunauer–Emmett–Teller FTIR: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy; HRSEM: High resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy; ICP-MS: Inductively Coupled Plas...
The direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia have long been thought to mediate behavioral promotion and inhibition, respectively. However, this classic dichotomous model has been recently challenged. To better understand neural processes underly
Formal theoretical models propose that cooperative networks can be maintained when individuals condition behavior on social standing. Here, we empirically examine the predictions of such models of positive and negative indirect reciprocity using a suite
“spillover” transmission of glutamate or GABA, in which the released neurotransmitter diffuses before targeting a distal homologous synapse (Kullmann2000). Volume transmission through the D3receptor is possible owing to its higher affinity for dopamine, as compared to other dopamine receptor subtypes...
Alternating current power transmissionA broadband current-sensing device with frequency-conversion mechanism consisting of Terfenol-D/Pb(Zr.Ti)O3(PZT)/Terfenol... J Zhang,W He,M Zhang,... - 《Review of Scientific Instruments》 被引量: 0发表: 2015年 Indirect amplification method for determining ...
2020a, b). Since lungs are mostly comprised of epithelial and endothelial cells and are exposed to the aerosol transmission, they become infected early and severely. Also, the initial clinical manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infections has been reported in conjunctiva (Chen et al. 2020), nasal ...
Transmission of zoonotic viruses may occur by a variety of routes. They include: ‘direct’ (rabies) or ‘indirect’ (hantavirus) contact; ‘nosocomial’ (arenavirus and filovirus); ‘aerosol transmission’ (SARS coronavirus); ‘vertical’ (in utero) (arenaviruses); and ‘vector- or ...
The plant microbiota can be acquired not only from the environment through horizontal transmission, but also directly in the seed from the parent, through vertical transmission [17]. The environmental acquisition of microbes and the laws governing their assembly in the plant holobiont are poorly ...