According to the famous phrase of the Nobel Prize–winning economist Milton Friedman, a key advisor to President Reagan, government spending is the true tax—as a direct payment or in a form of borrowing: “Keep your eye on one thing and one thing only: how much government is spending, ...
1 When the efficiency–equity trade-off is considered, it is likely that carbon tax revenues will need to be allocated to both increased household transfers and distortionary tax reductions to achieve a triple dividend. However, few studies have been conducted to evaluate mixed RR schemes, which ...
which at the time claimed most of the world. Most famous among his campaigns is the 26-day Salt March in 1930 in resistance to the British-imposed salttax. When he and 4000 followers arrived at the sea, Gandhi took a brief swim, scooped up salt and saltwater in his hands, and 83 vol...
1 Since measuring tax evasion is challenging (Alm & Torgler, 2011), we use roundtripping as an indirect approach to capture it. We focus on OECD foreign portfolio investment (FPI) inflows through tax havens that are attributable to changes in tax savings. The concept of roundtripping is ...
The Indian government has relaxed visa laws, introducing a special visa category – an M visa – to cater for the growing number of medical tourists as well as allowing tax breaks to providers. In the private domain, the Apollo Group controls some 50 hospitals and markets these rigorously on...
The tax system is a potential source of indirect barriers by reducing incentives to innovate. Trade barriers, for example, the so-called non-tariff barriers, may prevent foreign market entry and reduce the commercial success of an innovative new product. Regulations, standards, and rules mentioned...
We consider that the form under which the future CBAM will be implemented in the EU, including in Visegrád countries, is either a border tax or a surrendering of certificates, both of which will unequivocally increase the prices borne by EU importers. To investigate the indirect impact of a ...
operations deemed to be ecologically beneficial (Bosch et al., 2010). So-called ‘green concessions’ in Norwegian salmon aquaculture demonstrate the feasibility of this approach (Hersoug, 2015). Lastly, payments can be made in the form of direct subsidies, tax/fee reductions or grants to ...
(2007) obtain something that is closer to random assignment by examining the introduction of a group incentive system in the UK tax collection agency. The preliminary results from this work suggest that group bonuses were effective in significantly raising productivity. Also in the public sector, ...
oftaxes. Interestingly, their study finds that even ataxof 10% on the percentage of fat content reduces fat consumption by less than 1%. Although fat consumption is inelastic and it can generate a lot of tax revenue, the dead-weight loss of the tax will fall unfairly on the poor and ...