Simple diffusion passively occurs until all the molecules distribute evenly throughout the solution or between both sides of the membrane. Hence, this process stops when the equilibrium is reached. Since the si
Before testing, a constant concentration of VOCs was injected into the sample chamber until the adsorption equilibrium was reached, which shows that no VOCs remains in the sample. During the experiment, clean air is then injected into it until all the adsorbed VOCs is desorbed. The mass ...
measure (corresponding to the first barrier put It suffices to put barriers one after another until sautfpfiociinent txly0 = 0 ) large con- x are reached (for domain size 1 few hundred is more than enough) and then move the beginning of the coordinate frame there. More elegant ...
Metal islands deposited on weakly-interacting substrates typically exhibit a pronounced 3D shape16,17,18. The timeτcoalrequired for completion of coalescence of a pair of such islands—i.e., the time from island impingement until the equilibrium shape of the island pair is established—can be a...
Then when the flame inside the furnace reached the thermal and chemical equilibrium state, a digital camera was utilized to record the flame image sequences at a frame rate of 30 Hz. The FL was defined as the average value of the overall instantaneous FLs recorded in a sufficiently long ...
matrix-fracture boundary (seeFig. 7, image 5) oil-droplet “α” is produced. Droplet “β” remains in the field-of-view as the oil is not in direct contact with the bulk-phase. The same process occurred twice before water transport ceased in response to the system reaching equilibrium....
Convergence is reached when the variation of the last two tested meshes is lower than 1% The system described in Section 2.2.1. was evaluated at a frequency of 0.004 Hz. The results can be inspected in Figure 13. The variation between the last three tested meshes is less than 0.5%. The...
In Model (1) and (2), there exists a finite critical value 𝑚∗m∗, so that for 𝑚0<𝑚∗m0<m∗, the number of protesters never falls to the small equilibrium value, but stabilizes at the higher steady state (see Curve 1 in Figure 2a). On the contrary, in Model (7)...