For example, the backward scan effect (see Fig. 2a, backward scan) is very difficult to explain using a simple oxygen vacancy switching model. The backward scan effect is a phenomenon where the duration of the reverse sweep during electroforming or RESET determines whether a state change ...
Suction dynamics were significantly affected by the axial pressure difference ∆p. For example, if the pressure upstream of the incoming valve to a chain of lymphangions is sufficiently high to create a favourable axial pressure disifrfeedreuncceed.(∆Thpi http-equiv="content-type" ...
While many BCI systems operate using noninvasive physiological interfaces, for example, the electroencephalogram (EEG), invasive devices allow intimate contact with cellular populations, thus increasing spatial and temporal resolution as well as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The intracortical neural ...
An example of relevant additional information may be provided by a force-sensing method [9] to assist retinal microinjection, but it is still not sufficient for precise depth control. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has micron-levels of precision, subsurface imaging capability, as well as fast...
For example, energy consumption to recover the ammonia by ammonia stripping technology has been reported to be 3.1 and 8.65 kWh per kg of recovered N [18,19]. These values using ammonia stripping are 5 to 13 times higher than the energy consumption obtained with the gas-permeable membranes. ...
While both diagnostics have been implemented on microfluidic devices, implementation of molecular diagnostics is generally more challenging due to more complex assay steps. For example, the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of nucleic acids requires elaborate sample preparation and ...