Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) describe the probability distribution of quarks and gluons (collectively known as partons) inside a proton or neutron as a function of the parton's momentum fraction and the energy scale of the interaction. They are essential for making predictions in high-ener...
Distinguish between a correlation and an autocorrelation. How are these measures similar? How are they different? Apart from ratio, rate and a unit rate, is there any other form of comparison? An electron has a speed of 0.75c. Find the speed of...
a neutron and an electron. Unlike protium, this isotope has a proton and a neutron together in the atomic nucleus. Therefore, the atomic mass of this isotope is 2. That is why we can name it as hydrogen-2 or2H. Deuterium is also a stable isotope of hydrogen. However, it is not...
Proton is a subatomic particle in the atoms’ nucleus and has a positive charge while electron is a subatomic particle with the symbol e and a negative (-1) electrical charge. The key difference between proton and electron is that proton is a subatomic particle present in a nucleus of an a...
An electron from the closest energy level (mostly from K-shell or L-shell) falls into the nucleus, and this causes a proton to become a neutron. A neutrino is emitted from the nucleus. The atomic number goes down by one unit, and mass number remains unchanged. ...
The number of neutrons a nucleus can hold differs from element to element. Among these isotopes, only some are stable. For instance, oxygen has three stable isotopes, and tin has ten stable isotopes. Most of the time, simple elements have the same neutron number as the proton number but, ...
• The size of an electron is a fixed value; it is about 1/1836 of a proton. • Atomic Structure: • Electrons are not polyatomic or monatomic. Electrons do not combine with each other to form compounds. • Ions can bepolyatomic or monatomic; monatomic ions contain only one atom ...
We normally identify an acid as a proton donor. Acids can be categorized into two, based on their ability to dissociate and produce protons. Strong acids like HCl, HNO3are completely ionized in a solution to give protons. Weak acids like CH3COOH are partially dissociates and give fewer amount...