Breast cancer may present in a variety of ways. Since the advent of screening, a significant proportion presents presymptomatically. Of those presenting with symptoms, the most common presentation is with a lump, but women may also present with indentation, nipple retraction or discharge. A small...
BACKGROUND: Tumour size and axillary nodal status are important predictors of prognosis in breast cancer. The clinical examination of the breast is an essential component of preoperative TNM staging, but the accuracy of this method of assessment has been called into question, especially in the deter...
The status of axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) is one of the important factors in decision‐making for breast cancer treatment. Physical examination (PE) has long been the main, or even the only, means of clinical staging for ALNs in breast cancer. However, the sensitivity and accuracy of PE ...
Imaging is paramount for the early detection and clinical staging of breast cancer, as well as to inform management decisions and direct therapy. PET-MRI is a quantitative hybrid imaging technology that combines metabolic and functional ... AM Fowler,RM Strigel - 《Lancet Oncology》 被引量: 0...
We investigated the clinical impact of breast scintigraphy acquired with a breast specific γ-camera (BSGC) in the diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) and assessed its incremental value over mammography (Mx). A consecutive series of 467 patients underwent BSGC scintigraphy for different indications: susp...
Purpose : FDG-PET/CT with standardized uptake value (SUV) estimation was applied to breast cancer patients for the purpose of preoperative evaluation of the extent of the disease. Methods : FDG-PET/CT was performed preoperatively in 71 patients with breast cancer, and the maximum standardized up...
Pathologists’ assessment of sentinel lymph nodes (SNs) for breast cancer (BC) metastases is a treatment-guiding yet labor-intensive and costly task because of the performance of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in morphologically negative cases. This non-rand
Redefining prognosis in node-negative breast cancer: can sentinel lymph node biopsy raise the threshold for systemic adjuvant therapy? Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a new standard of care for axillary node staging in breast cancer, which for the first time allows enhanced pathologic ... HS...
Improved axillary staging of breast cancer with sentinel lympha- denectomy. Ann Surg 1995;222:394–401. 23 Golshan M, Martin WJ, Dowlatshahi K. Sentinel lymph node biopsy lowers the rate of lymphedema when compared with standard axillary lymph node dissec- tion. Am Surg 2003;69:209–211 (...
Neoadjuvant systemic therapy is being used increasingly in the treatment of early-stage breast cancer. Response, in the form of pathological complete response, is a validated and evaluable surrogate end point of survival after neoadjuvant therapy. Thus,