Human TBI is frequently accompanied by hypoxia, hypotension and ischemia, factors that are not prominent in many animal models [69]. Accordingly, TBI models can be utilized in combination with additional insults such as hemorrhagic shock which often accompanies blast TBI [71]. Another limitation of...
Compared with healthy controls, individuals with metabolic syndrome have increased microvascular disease-tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, arterial sclerosis, and global and segmental sclerosis. The etiology of the renal fibrosis associated with individuals with metabolic syndrome might be caused through ...
As intrarenal vascular compliance diminishes and subclinical chronic ischemia ensues, the kidneys become smaller. Intraparenchimal resistive index has been proposed as a way to measure nephroangiosclerosis. It has also been shown to be useful in identifying patients with preclinical hypertensive renal ...
Relationship between aortic stiffening and microvascular disease in brain and kidney: cause and logic of therapy. Hypertension. 2005;46(1):200–4. Article PubMed Google Scholar Jankowski J, Floege J, Fliser D, Bohm M, Marx N. Cardiovascular Disease in chronic kidney disease: pathophysiological...
Hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1 alpha) is induced during reperfusion after renal ischemia and is critical for proximal tubule cell survival. PLoS ONE 2012, 7, e33258. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] Kojima, I.; Tanaka, T.; Inagi, R.; Kato, H.; Yamashita, T.; Sakiyama, A.; ...
In response to nitric oxide synthase inhibition, folic acid nephropathy and IRI, mouse kidneys show a decrease in microvascular density. Although it is likely that HIF increases angiogenic factors like VEGF, which restore capillary density, this adaptation process typ- ically fails because injured ...