How do they compare to each other and to the parent cell? What happens to the parent cell? Why must a cell go through the S phase before mitosis? How do gymnosperms differ from ferns? Do identical twins look exactly the same when they are first born, even if they don't look alik...
Derivation of consensus inactivation status for X-linked genes from genome-wide studies. Biol Sex Differ. 2015;6(1):1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-015-0053-7. Article CAS Google Scholar Leslie SJ, Cimpian A, Meyer M, Freeland E. Expectations of brilliance underlie gender ...
What is the maximum possible recombination rate for genes on the same chromosome, and how does this compare to the constant recombination rate of 1/2 for genes on separate chromosomes? Chromosomes are located where in relation to a cell? How do sister chromatids differ from homologous chromosomes...
elements NA to NE, and individual orthologous genes are rarely found on different elements. However, the NN and NX elements that, together, constitute theC. elegansX (see also below) are exceptions. We now study the sex chromosomes of species from all major nematode clades, and assign their ...
e.g. effects mediated by testosterone from direct effects of the Y genotype. However, we feel that it is worthwhile to make a distinction between categories since the evolutionary dynamics of each type of mechanism may differ. For example, regulatory effects of Y genes are likely to be more ...
Sex chromosome systems in placental mammals that differ from the conventional XX/XY could be explained by translocations of autosomes and sex chromosomes or duplications of sex chromosomes. Usually, such atypical sex chromosomes are present in part of a population such as in the lemming Myopus ...
An aspect of the biology of males and females that could contribute to the sex gap in longevity and aging is the inheritance of some genetic factors that differ between sexes. This is the case with the mitochondrial genome, which is inherited maternally, and of the sex chromosomes that differ...
How many chromosomes do humans have? In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for atotal of 46. Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females. ...
How does chromosome number differ when a cell passes through mitosis versus meiosis? How is chromatin related to a chromosome? How does the process of meiosis produce new combinations of genes? Why is this important? Summarize the biological significance of meiotic cell division. ...
(Fig.1aand Supplementary TableS1). We further confirmed that those 74 genes were not present in the transcriptomes of nine different tissues of monk parakeet (Supplementary Data1), suggesting they were probably not hidden genes due to incomplete genome assembly53,54. Among the lost genes,ALC1(...