Chromatin is a substance made up of DNA or RNA and proteins, such as histones. It condenses during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) and becomes a chromosome. Chromatins are“unwound” condensed structures whereas chromosomes are highly packaged and more condensed than chromatins. Thus, chromosom...
Chromatin is a sophisticated structure found in nuclei. Its basic subunit, the nucleosome, is composed of DNA wrapped around the histone octamer made of a H3/H4 tetramer flanked by two H2A/H2B dimers. A fifth histone called the H1 linker also participates in the chromatin structure. Chromatin ...
and are two times more prevalent in women than in men12,13. Several lines of evidence indicate that sex-hormone fluctuations represent a major risk factor for the increased female vulnerability to these disorders. The female bias in depression rates is first noted upon the...
Chromatin is a sophisticated structure found in nuclei. Its basic subunit, the nucleosome, is composed of DNA wrapped around the histone octamer made of a H3/H4 tetramer flanked by two H2A/H2B dimers. A fifth histone called the H1 linker also participates in the chromatin structure. Chromatin ...
While disruption of chromatin domains and domain boundaries can lead to misexpression of developmental genes, acute depletion of regulators of genome organization has a relatively small effect on gene expression. It is therefore uncertain whether gene expression and chromatin state drive chromatin ...
Histone F3 at all stages is made up of three subfractions; histone F2b is made up of two; and the histone F2a2 is electrophoretically homogeneous. Specific radioactivity of the arginine-rich histones F3 and F2a1 tends to increase during development, while that of moderately lysine-rich ...
A correlation analysis of chromatin DNA nucleotide sequences reveals the clear tendency of some of the dinucleotides to be repeated along the sequences with periods of 3 and about 10.5 bases. This latter period, which is equal within experimental error to recent estimates of the pitch of the DN...
However, the ability of siRNAs targeting promoter regions to induce TGS in mammalian cells has been controversial, and the mechanisms underlying this process are still being defined. Recently it has been demonstrated that this process is associated with the recruitment of at least one of the ...
During male meiosis, the Y chromosome can form perfect pairing with the X chromosome. However, it is unclear whether mammalian Female germline stem cells (FGSCs) without a Y chromosome can transdifferentiate into functional haploid spermatid-like cells (
3c), further support that the chromatin fibres are largely made of non-uniform, flexible zigzag-arranged nucleosomes. The calculated DNA concentration in our tomogram is approximately 15 mg/ml, which is consistent with the concentration of DNA within the nucleus (~10 mg/ml), suggesting the...