An early controversy in the chloroplast genetic engineering field was the suitability of transcriptionally silent spacer regions, where native genes (for example,rbcL/accD) are located on opposite strands of the chloroplast genome, or transcriptionally active spacer regions, where native genes (for examp...
An early controversy in the chloroplast genetic engineering field was the suitability of transcriptionally silent spacer regions, where native genes (for example,rbcL/accD) are located on opposite strands of the chloroplast genome, or transcriptionally active spacer regions, where native genes (for examp...
(Benne et al.1986; reviewed in Benne1986). An example of the RNA edition occurring in the chloroplast might be the conversion of cytosine into uracil in the flowering plants. The whole process of the RNA edition depends on specific proteins. Around 40 editing spots at the chloroplast RNA of...
Background Global warming poses many severe challenges to human life, for example, by dramatically reducing crop yields (Battisti and Naylor2009; Bohra-Mishra et al.2014; Lobell et al.2011; Peng et al.2004). In order to adapt to the harsh environment, plants have evolved multiple tolerance s...
canarense as an example. (a) Stacked bar chart of the relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) in Tetrastigma plants; (b) Heatmap displaying RSCU values. 2.4. Comparative Chloroplast Genome Analysis Using the chloroplast genome sequence of T. angustifolium as a reference, the mVISTA program was...
For example, higher cFBA activity was observed in elongating tissues than in tissues that had finished elongating in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel), which indicated an important role of cFBA in the elongation of tissues [22]. In tomato, decreased FBA activity resulted in the slower...
For example, Tic20-IV was reported to partly compensate for the absence of Tic20-I complex in Arabidopsis, independent of Tic214, Tic100, or Tic56 (Hirabayashi et al., 2011; Kasmati et al., 2011). Poaceae Tic20 proteins are closer to Tic20-IV than Tic20-I (Topel and Jarvis, 2011...
but some ambiguities still remain. For example, due to sampling restrictions for Lophophorum and Nomocharis, the position ofL. distichumhas not been clarified enough. Kim et al.12, according to their results, pointed out that the position ofL. candidumis uncertain, and more sampling is requir...
Results Morphology of the chloroplast structured photocatalyst As a typical example, the CNT-TiO2was synthesized by heating the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution containing TiCl3and CNTs with microwave. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images (Fig.2a, b) demonstrated that the as-received sample...
For example, the rice albino mutant wsl3 has almost no impairment in chloroplast RNA editing (Wang et al. 2020). Previous studies have shown that multiple organellar RNA editing factor (MORF) proteins are essential for plastid and mitochondrion RNA editing in Arabidopsis and rice (Bentolila et ...