1. 预期人均寿命(Life Expectancy at birth)。 2. 平均学校教育年数(Mean years of schooling),25岁以上的人在校受教育的平均年数。 3. 预期学校教育年数(Expected years of schooling),5岁的儿童预期将接受教育的年数。 4. 人均国民收入(Gross National Income per capita,GNIpc),以2011年PPP调整的美元计。
Mean years of schooling indexAs the largest energy consumer in the world, China is facing huge challenges. Although there is a wide range of literature on the efficiency of its carbon emissions, most studies have focused on industrial or agricultural fields, ignoring the important component of ...
Table 2 Mean years of schooling, by sibling size and sex composition Full size table Expectation of old-age support and educational attainment Parents favor boys in resource allocation because they mainly rely on sons for future old-age support. The limitation of the data does not provide infor...
Empirical growth regressions typically include mean years of schooling as a proxy for human capital. However, empirical research often finds that the sign ... MS Delgado,DJ Henderson,CF Parmeter - 《Oxford Bulletin of Economics & Statistics》 被引量: 76发表: 2014年 Does cram schooling matter?
Population dimension: including average years of schooling and population density. Urban population density is closely related to the natural environment and economic activities, which influences the efficiency of public services and determines the longevity of regional development. Meanwhile, average years ...
Xiaokang, meaning moderate prosperity, has been a consistent aspiration of the Chinese nation since ancient times. More than 2,000 years ago the term appeared in the Book of Songs to mean modest comfort: The people are hard-pressed, they need some modest comfort. Do well by the Central ...
Population dimension: including average years of schooling and population density. Urban population density is closely related to the natural environment and economic activities, which influences the efficiency of public services and determines the longevity of regional development. Meanwhile, average years ...
Education is distinguished into three main categories (primary, or up to nine years of schooling, secondary, and college). Industry distinguishes between sector of waged or salaried work (primary; manufacturing; construction, mining, and energy; services) and other (i.e. other type of work, ...
The key identifying assumption is that the CSLs affect child outcomes only through the years of schooling obtained by mothers, conditional on the other control variables. One concern is that the timing of the reform implementation at the province level may be nonrandom, because the provincial ...
The rapid spread of information and communications technologies (ICT)is accelerating the development of our economy and society.While ICT have become an important development tool that reshapes many aspects of the world’s activities,digital inequality emerges on a worldwide scale due to difference...