In isotropic spreading, edges spread out in a circular manner and flatten rapidly. Isotropic spreading can be induced by removing serum; cells spread at a faster rate isotropically. Cell migration is needed during development when cells have to move to its required location for tissue rearrangement...
Asymmetric cell division is a process through which a cell divides into two cells that are not identical to each other [1]. There are examples of clear asymmetric cell divisions, such as those in early embryonic development and in stem cells that divide asymmetrically to produce a self-...
Duringanaphase, the “upward phase,” the cohesin proteins degrade, and the sister chromatids separate at the centromere. Each chromatid, now called a chromosome, is pulled rapidly toward the centrosome to which its microtubule is attached. The cell becomes visibly elongated (oval shaped) as the ...
site. Actually, replication begins at many sites on the long chromosomes ofanimals,plants, andfungi. Distances betweenadjacentinitiation sites are not always the same; for example, they are closer in the rapidly dividing embryonic cells of frogs or flies than in adult cells of the same species....
This suggests an inherent resistance of stem cells to cancer transformation which could be linked to a stem cell’specific mechanism of telomere maintenance. However, tumor protection of normal stem cells could also be conferred by cell extrinsic mechanisms....
In some types of neurons, slow calcium spikes provide the driving force for a long burst of rapidly emitted sodium spikes. In cardiac muscle cells, on the other hand, an initial fast sodium spike provides a "primer" to provoke the rapid onset of a calcium spike, which then produces muscle...
The study that focused on fibroblasts and the pluripotent stem cells into which they were reprogrammed shows that difference was classified as epigenetic (it was described as—what gets copied when the cell divides, although it is not the part of the DNA sequence). It is due chemical change—...
The percentage of single cells decreases rapidly over time, from 82% (1 day), to 55% (1 month), but there is still a high fraction of single cells as late as 9 months after labeling (Fig. 4C1). Altogether, these findings suggest that FoxA2+ cells constitute a more quiescent, LTSSC...
As developing tissues grow in size and undergo morphogenetic changes, their material properties may be altered. Such changes result from tension dynamics at cell contacts or cellular jamming. Yet, in many cases, the cellular mechanisms controlling the ph
Viability is a measure of whether cells are alive whereas proliferation is a measure of cell division, of which the most direct outcome is an increase in the number of cells. This distinction is important as not every viable cell divides, which is most typified by osteocytes that remain ...