It finds that, while political elites seem, in principle, to be open to the idea of a carbon tax, they are also cognisant of the impact of corruption challenges in the Indonesia context. Meanwhile, the business community opposes a carbon tax and fears the introduction of additional costs ...
Singapore’sNational Environment Agency (NEA) implemented the Carbon Pricing Act (CPA), the first carbon pricing scheme in Southeast Asia. It encompasses 80% of Singapore’s total GHG emissions in sectors such as manufacturing, power, waste and water. The current carbon tax rate in Singapore is...
Furthermore, it is also important to note that some financially viable but less profitable forest carbon sites will struggle to compete with lucrative land uses, particularly in countries such as Brazil and Indonesia, which are the world’s major producers of soy, beef, and palm oil19. In oth...
While carrying out pollution infrastructure construction, it is necessary to levy a certain amount of pollution discharge fees on polluting emitting enterprises and improve the coupling and coordination level of environmental tax collection and pollution control investment to play a role in green and low...
These two scenarios correspond to the FFI carbon tax and UCT scenarios studied by Wise et al.30 but reflect numerous model improvements since that time. To address the uncertainty surrounding land-system policies and to examine the linearity of the response, we add two partial land carbon ...
This is a special case of a theorem of Bhagwati and Ramaswami (1963), who show that if we want to efficiently control an externality or address a non-economic objective, an efficient tax or subsidy must be applied at the the point at which the distortion occurs. A tax focused only on ...
aThe entity is exposed to changes in economic conditions, i.e. global demand for beef; natural events such as floods, live export suspension to Indonesia, high Australian dollar, increase in freight, logistical and other additional costs, carbon tax, foreign investments, etc. The impacts they ma...
Indonesia’s low-cost nickel suppliers will wipe out rivals in the next few years, cementing the country as the world’s dominant producer of the metal vital to electric car batteries, the head of French miner Eramet has warned. The south-east Asian nation could end up accounting for more ...
whereas Indonesia shelters the largest share (~30,000 km2). Many of these mangrove forests have witnessed a substantial reduction in the last century and the recent past decades. However, the scientific community has not paid equal attention to studying several aspects of these forests throughout ...
Information about soil texture and chemical properties was obtained from the SoilGrid Database15, which provides information at 250 m resolution at seven soil depths (https://soilgrids.org/#!/?layer=TAXNWRB_250m&vector=1). Details and units are given in Online-only Table3. ...