Britain had just begun to recover from defeat in the American War of Independence when its government faced a major war against the French Revolution. In this war the British army was soon driven out of the continent of Europe and had to rely on fighting France at sea and in the colonies...
The defense and enlargement of these French territories engaged the energies of successive English kings. In their need for money the kings stimulated the growth of English towns by selling them charters of liberties. Conflict between kings and nobles, which had begun under Richard I, came to a...
Aside from her continental warfare against Napoleon England was involved in 1813—’14 in a war with the United States. This had broken out in the summer of 18121) as a consequence of the European contest, evolving from controversies over the conditions of neutral trade and the belligerent righ...
A caveat should be provided here for the French Huguenot generals who would have a significant presence throughout this period, especially Henri de Massue, Duke of Galaway and Jean Louis, First Baron Ligonier. Galway was defeated at the Battle of Almansa in 1707 by the French, led, ironically...
afrom the 1760s onwards India’s wealth “bought the national debt back from the Dutch and others … leaving Britain nearly free from overseas indebtedness when it came to face the great French wars from 1793.” 正在翻译,请等待...[translate]...
Influenced by the French Revolution of 1830 and the broad popular movement that was developing in Britain itself, there were increased efforts by the bourgeoisie to bring about an electoral reform. Numerous meetings and demonstrations took place, organized by the Birmingham Political Union (founded in...
Britain’s wars were understood as the defense of property on a national scale; the French enemy threatened the post-1689 regime and the property relations it ushered in. In battle, too, guns were used and understood as instruments of terror. They were not aimed; soldiers loaded and fired ...
How did Hitler react to Germany losing the war? How did the Philippines react to American imperialism? How did colonists feel about the French and Indian War? How did Japan and the United States become enemies during World War II? How did the War of 1812 affect Britain? How were the effe...
Kitts Nevis, Anguilla, Virgin Islands, British PO in Danish, Dutch and French Possessions, Other Packet Services, Postage Rates, etc., $85.00 Perkins Bacon Records by Percy de Worms, published by the Royal Philatelic Society London, 1953, 867 + 28 pages, cloth, used no dj, $180.00, vf ...
After the French and Indian War, the British found themselves deeply in debt. They had to find a way to reduce that debt, so they turned to their colonies to pay the debt for them. Many different taxes were introduced into the colonies despite the fact that this was against the rights ...