bottom up and top down教学法 底向上教学法(bottom-up approach)是一种从具体事物出发,逐步递进地进行学习和教学的方法。在这种方法中,学习者首先掌握基础的知识和技能,然后逐步建立对更复杂、抽象概念的理解和应用能力。底向上教学法注重细节和具体情境的学习,强调学习的扎实和逐渐拓展知识结构。 顶向下教学法(top...
第一,来解释下阅读教学的常用方法:bottom-up approach,top-down approach bottom-up:意味着从文本的最小单位(不理解的单词和句子)入手,先解决对于单词和句子意义的理解,再去学习文章要传达的内容。 top-down:先以阅读技巧(scan-扫读,skim-跳读)为工具,了解文章大意(gist),得知特定信息(specific information)和细...
'Bottom-up approach'与'top-down approach'(自上而下法)是两种截然不同的方法。'Top-down approach'通常从宏观角度出发,先设定总体目标和框架,然后逐步细化到具体的实施步骤。而'Bottom-up approach'则相反,它从微观层面出发,通过逐步积累和分析微观数据来构建宏观层面的理解和策略...
This article presents examples of action research as a "bottom-up" approach that involves and empowers supervisees. "Top-down" approaches are usually model specific and stem from the practice, theory, and philosophy of supervision espoused by a supervisor relative to the context in which the ...
Although logically we might expect that we ought to understand the plain sense if we are to understand anything else, in practice a reader continually shifts from one focus to another, now adopting a top-down approach t...
Learn: What is top-down and bottom-up approach in programming languages? In this article we are going to learn programming approach with their advantages.1) Top-down approachIn this approach, a large project divides into small programs, and these programs are known as modules.C programming ...
老师您好,学完了Fix Income这门课,我发现Top-down approach实现从分析宏观经济形势入手,再细分行业sector,然后挑选优质的个股equity/bond,但是Bottom-up approach是先把相似credit risk或者发行人归为一类,然后从里面找到具有相对更高价值的个股,但是后者怎样体现Bottom-up(自下而上)呢?能不能再具体讲一讲这两种方法...
While top-down and bottom-up are distinctly different, they are often used in conjunction with each other. Top-Down Top-down analysisgenerally refers to using comprehensive factors as a basis for decision-making. The top-down approach seeks to identify the big picture and all of its components...
Although logically we might expect that we ought to understand the plain sense if we are to understand anything else, in practice a reader continually shifts from one focus to another, now adopting a top-down approach to predict the probable meaning, then moving to the bottom-up approach to ...
Scenario-based Example for Top-Down Approach What is a Bottom-Up Approach? How Does a Bottom-Up Approach Work? When to use the Bottom-Up Approach? Scenario-based Example for Bottom-Up Approach Key Differences of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches ...