Despite its pervasiveness, the concept of 'levels of organization' has received relatively little attention in its own right. I propose here an emerging approach that posits 'levels' as a fragmentary concept situated within an interest-relative matrix of operational usage within scientific practice. ...
The FASEB Journal publishes multidisciplinary basic and translational research covering biology and biomedical sciences at every level of organization.
Deciphering the functional organization of large biological networks is a major challenge for current mathematical methods. A common approach is to decompose networks into largely independent functional modules, but inferring these modules and their organization from network activity is difficult, given the...
N-activity gain in the shaft cell via downregulation of the transcriptional repressor Hairless (H), led to shaft-to-socket conversion24,25, abrogating F-Cell specification (Extended Data Fig. 4e–g). Conversely, upon socket-to-shaft conversion18,20 by upregulation of H, increased levels of ...
[72]. It has been concluded that mutant trp53 proteins do not hasten lymphoma development inTRP53−/−andTRP53+/−. Next, a recent study showed that the genetic removal of twelve different p53 mutants previously reported to exhibit GOF activity did not impact proliferation, or response ...
The inputs reach the nucleus fairly directly from the contralateral cochlear nuclei, with only one synaptic relay in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. The frequency specificity of the neurons forms the basis of a fine grain tonotopic organization in the nucleus (Aitkin and Webster, ...
Each such structure wraps around 146 nucleotide pairs of DNA, creating a rosary bead-like structure that subsequently folds into a higher-order helical structure, the chromatin. Chromatin organization determines which DNA regions are accessible for gene expression. For gene expression to occur, ...
These tools are leading to a planetary-scale connectivity among researchers and enable the organization of in silico research activities entirely through the cloud. Research collaboration and management via the cloud will result in a drastic expansion of our problem-solving capacity, since groups of ...
By combining AlphaFold predictions and biochemical, cellular and proteomic analyses, we further elucidate the structural organization of the entire retriever–CCC complex across evolution and uncover how cancer-associated mutations in humans disrupt complex formation and impair membrane protein homeostasis. ...
There is clearly a difference between the shape and the internal organization of the spherical PEG-driven droplets shown in Fig. 2b,c and the microtubule-bound comets that appear as more loosely structured. Interestingly, when PEG together with Mal3/Tip1/Tea2 was added to comets pre-formed in...