In other words, 2 class categorical cross entropy is the same as single output binary cross entropy. To give a more tangible example these are identical: model.add(Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')) model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy', ...) # is the same as model.add(Dense(2, activa...
From my understanding, the output in the BCEWithLogitsLoss are the 6 tensors of the batch, and he predicts "normal" if the output tensor is negative and "abnormal" if positive. But they're stuck in negative so they're all predicted normal. Since my goal is to make a "probability of...
First, introduce a continuous density ρe to connect the specific parameters of two materials: 0≤ρe≤1, and then add penalization on intermediate density to let the optimized object converge to discrete structure, because the intermediate density has no practical meaning in physics. For example,...
where\(\varphi\)is the size ratio of the two species of NPs,\(\epsilon\)is the relative strength of interparticle interaction\({\varepsilon }_{11}\)to surface tension,\(\chi\)is the ratio of the difference in the surface energy of NP 1 with the two fluids to the surface tension be...
The wave direction is diverted if the wave ray is abnormal to the bottom measurement. It is noted that the wave rays converge in shallow areas and diverge in deep areas [28]. In this algorithm, when the waves whose heights reach to zero, the refraction operator is applied on those waves...
For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess. Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an ...
1. Introduction The purpose of binary code similarity detection is to detect the similarity of two code gadgets using only binary executable files. Binary code similarity detection has a wide range of applications, such as bug searching [1,2], clone detection [3,4,5], malware clustering [6,...
1. Introduction The purpose of binary code similarity detection is to detect the similarity of two code gadgets using only binary executable files. Binary code similarity detection has a wide range of applications, such as bug searching [1,2], clone detection [3,4,5], malware clustering [6,...
Assembly theory (AT) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] provides a distinctive complexity measure superior to established complexity measures used in information theory, such as Shannon entropy or Kolmogorov complexity [1,5]. AT does not alter the fundamental laws of physics [6]. Instead, it redefines objects...
It is easy to show that the mean distribution in Equation (36) and the most probable distribution converge to each other. Equation (36) for the mean fragment distribution is exact for all integer masses 𝑀>𝑁M>N and fragment masses 𝑀−𝑁+1≥𝑘≥1M−N+1≥k≥1. The first ...