Paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) refers to the pathological conditions that occur in remote locations such as the cardiovascular, endocrine, neuromuscular, hematologic, gastrointestinal, and cutaneous systems, caused by abnormal immune reactions including cross-immunity, autoimmunity, immune complex deposition, or...
(re)analysis ofgeneticconditions affecting FAS signaling ask for a more precise definition ofALPS. In this review, we propose the termautoimmune lymphoproliferative immunodeficienciesfor a disease phenotype that is enriched for patients with genetic diseases for which targeted therapies are available. For...
proliferation, and function. Spontaneous mutations that lead to insufficient BTK function usually cause a dramatic loss of mature B cells and reduced levels of serum antibodies, resulting in X-linked agammaglobulinemia [135]. Many studies have shown that BTK...
Presently, there are over 80 autoimmune diseases without precise scientific definitions, along with conditions exhibiting autoimmune-related symptoms that share genetic and immunological mechanisms across various autoimmune disorders [3, 4]. Despite an incomplete understanding of autoimmune disease pathogenesis,...
Various conditions may initiate the autoantibody production and development of AIHA, such as viral infections (usually in children),collagen vascular diseases(especially systemic lupus erythematosus), lymphoidmalignancies, prior allogeneicblood transfusionorstem cell transplantation, and certain drugs, p...
206,207,208,209 MPNs are clonal hematopoietic conditions characterized by excessive proliferation of myeloid lineage cells, which contributes to abnormal numbers and morphology of peripheral blood cells and a high-risk of acute myeloid leukemia development.210,211,212,213 High-resolution genome-wide ...
A number of studies have also reported FasL gene polymorphisms associated with autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus in specific human populations, but others have failed to find such associations in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, Type I diabetes mellitus, ...
At present, the cause of the SLE is still unclear, but it is believed that SLE is related to genes, immunodeficiency, viral infections, UV, and drugs. Recent studies have found that, SLE patients have much higher incidence of liver abnormalities (such as hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, jaundice,...
Under certain conditions associated with lymphopenia, this self-MHC/peptide recognition provides a proliferative signal that leads to the proliferation of T cells and the generation of effector cells [85]. Additionally, ROS serve as important second messengers in T cell receptor (TCR) signaling for ...
These complications may include splenomegaly, esophageal variceal bleeding, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy. Additionally, less common conditions such as PPH and HPS may occur [2]. In blood tests, a decrease in platelet count is the most common laboratory abnormality, but moderate increases in ...