It lowers the titer so that there are fewer antibodies present in the mother’s blood to attack the baby. It slows/prevents the antibodies from going through the placenta and attacking the baby’s red blood cells. It helps the baby fight off the antibodies that are attacking his red blood ...
2. B Cells and Antibody Production Antibodies are produced by B lymphocytes, or B cells, that express Ig of a single specificity on their cell surface. Thus, each B cell recognizes a unique antigenic structure and, upon encountering this antigen, is stimulated to secrete soluble antibody. It ...
More than 20 mAbs that target the S glycoprotein, originating either from the B cells of convalescent patients with COVID-19 or immunization of humanized mice, have been tested in clinical trials, and some have received an EUA from the FDA for the treatment of patients with mild to moder- ...
In that study, activated NK cells and a decrease of soluble CD30 were seen in the peripheral blood, and three out of 26 patients had a partial remission (Rothe et al., 2015) (Table 2). A phase 2 trial with AFM13 is now ongoing in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma (Table S1). A ...
However, the presence of a weakly positive S antigen in the serological result indicated the possibility of transfusion of leukocyte-poor red blood cells (LPRs) that carry the S antigen. As a result, the patient started receiving LPRs with the same phenotype, while avoiding S and Wra antigen...
that activate macrophages and initiate an inflammatory attack of the joints52,53,54. To date, only cartilage binding antibodies, i.e., antibodies to COL2, COMP and G6PI, have been shown to induce arthritis in controlled experiments22,55,56,57,58. A common denominator could be that they ...
Antibodies are thought to protect by inhibiting blood-stage replication and preventing high-density parasitemia. However, specific mechanisms of protection are not well understood. The merozoite stage, which infects red blood cells (RBCs), is an important target, and antibodies to some merozoite ...
Given the Fc effector function-dependence of protection of some of our mAbs, we hypothesized that protective anti-ZIKV NS1 mAbs would recognize cell surface forms of NS1 to enable antibody-dependent immune cell clearance of virus-infected cells. We evaluated this idea using a flow cytometric assay...
While we expect that surface-coupling is comparatively less-damaging than encapsulation methods (for example, hypotonic opening of membrane pores), careful and rigorous examination of affinity-coupling of bio-therapeutics to the surface of human red blood cells, assessment of their perturbation of red...
b) that, contrary to what is believed to be established, these antibodies are incapable of directly inhibiting the invasion of red cells by the parasites; on the other hand, they act by an antibody-dependent cellular inhibition mechanism (ADCI) in which the monocyte plays the role of effector...